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The Book of Roads and Kingdoms ( Arabic: كتاب المسالك والممالك, Kitāb al-Masālik waʿl-Mamālik [1]) is a group of Islamic manuscripts composed from the Middle Ages to the early modern period. [2] They emerged from the administrative tradition of listing pilgrim and post stages. [3] [4] Their text covers the cities, roads, topography, and peoples of the Muslim world ...
Medieval Islamic geography and cartography refer to the study of geography and cartography in the Muslim world during the Islamic Golden Age (variously dated between the 8th century and 16th century). Muslim scholars made advances to the map-making traditions of earlier cultures, [1] particularly the Hellenistic geographers Ptolemy and Marinus of Tyre, [2] : 193 combined with what explorers ...
Al-Idrisi incorporated the knowledge of Africa, the Indian Ocean and the Far East gathered by Islamic merchants and explorers and recorded on Islamic maps with the information brought by the Norman voyagers to create the most accurate map of the world in pre-modern times, [4] which served as a concrete illustration of his Kitab nuzhat al-mushtaq, (Latin: Opus Geographicum ), which may be ...
Al-Idrisi drew inspiration from a number of sources, most of which are dated to the Golden Age of Islam during the Abbasid Caliphate, when scholarly work was flourishing in the Islamic world. Additionally, Al-Idrisi would send out agents to the different parts of the world represented in his map to fact-check the information given by the travelers.
The terms Muslim world and Islamic world commonly refer to the Islamic community, which is also known as the Ummah. This consists of all those who adhere to the religious beliefs, politics, and laws of Islam [1] or to societies in which Islam is practiced. [2] [3] In a modern geopolitical sense, these terms refer to countries in which Islam is ...
The Kaaba, [b] sometimes referred to as al-Ka'ba al-Musharrafa, [d] is a stone building at the center of Islam 's most important mosque and holiest site, the Masjid al-Haram in Mecca, Saudi Arabia. [2] [3] [4] It is considered by Muslims to be the Bayt Allah (Arabic: بَيْت ٱللَّٰه, lit.
Muhammad ibn Musa al-Khwarizmi [note 1] ( Persian: محمد بن موسى خوارزمی; c. 780 – c. 850 ), often referred to as simply al-Khwarizmi, was a polymath who produced vastly influential Arabic-language works in mathematics, astronomy, and geography. Hailing from Khwarazm, he was appointed as the astronomer and head of the House of Wisdom in the city of Baghdad around 820 CE.
Islamic world contributions to Medieval Europe. A Christian and a Muslim playing chess, illustration from the Book of Games of Alfonso X (c. 1285). [1] During the High Middle Ages, the Islamic world was at its cultural peak, supplying information and ideas to Europe, via Al-Andalus, Sicily and the Crusader kingdoms in the Levant.