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  2. Cryptography - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cryptography

    However, in cryptography, code has a more specific meaning: the replacement of a unit of plaintext (i.e., a meaningful word or phrase) with a code word (for example, "wallaby" replaces "attack at dawn"). A cypher, in contrast, is a scheme for changing or substituting an element below such a level (a letter, a syllable, or a pair of letters, etc ...

  3. List of ciphertexts - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_ciphertexts

    Copiale cipher: Solved in 2011 1843 "The Gold-Bug" cryptogram by Edgar Allan Poe: Solved (solution given within the short story) 1882 Debosnys cipher: Unsolved 1885 Beale ciphers: Partially solved (1 out of the 3 ciphertexts solved between 1845–1885) 1897 Dorabella Cipher: Unsolved 1903 "The Adventure of the Dancing Men" code by Arthur Conan ...

  4. Caesar cipher - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caesar_cipher

    The cipher illustrated here uses a left shift of 3, so that (for example) each occurrence of E in the plaintext becomes B in the ciphertext. In cryptography , a Caesar cipher , also known as Caesar's cipher , the shift cipher , Caesar's code , or Caesar shift , is one of the simplest and most widely known encryption techniques.

  5. Classical cipher - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Classical_cipher

    Classical cipher. In cryptography, a classical cipher is a type of cipher that was used historically but for the most part, has fallen into disuse. In contrast to modern cryptographic algorithms, most classical ciphers can be practically computed and solved by hand. However, they are also usually very simple to break with modern technology.

  6. Cipher - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cipher

    In cryptography, a cipher (or cypher) is an algorithm for performing encryption or decryption —a series of well-defined steps that can be followed as a procedure. An alternative, less common term is encipherment. To encipher or encode is to convert information into cipher or code. In common parlance, "cipher" is synonymous with "code", as ...

  7. Bacon's cipher - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bacon's_cipher

    Bacon's cipher or the Baconian cipher is a method of steganographic message encoding devised by Francis Bacon in 1605. [ 1][ 2][ 3] A message is concealed in the presentation of text, rather than its content. Baconian ciphers are categorized as both a substitution cipher (in plain code) and a concealment cipher (using the two typefaces).

  8. Substitution cipher - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Substitution_cipher

    t. e. In cryptography, a substitution cipher is a method of encrypting in which units of plaintext are replaced with the ciphertext, in a defined manner, with the help of a key; the "units" may be single letters (the most common), pairs of letters, triplets of letters, mixtures of the above, and so forth. The receiver deciphers the text by ...

  9. Ciphertext - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ciphertext

    Ciphertext is also known as encrypted or encoded information because it contains a form of the original plaintext that is unreadable by a human or computer without the proper cipher to decrypt it. This process prevents the loss of sensitive information via hacking. Decryption, the inverse of encryption, is the process of turning ciphertext into ...