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Muslim rule in India saw a major shift in the cultural, linguistic, and religious makeup of the subcontinent. [8] Persian and Arabic vocabulary began to enter local languages, giving way to modern Punjabi, Bengali, and Gujarati, while creating new languages including Hindustani and its dialect, Deccani , used as official languages under Muslim ...
Islam. Islam is the second-largest religion in South Asia, with more than 650 million Muslims living there, forming about one-third of the region's population. Islam first spread along the coastal regions of the Indian subcontinent and Sri Lanka, almost as soon as it started in the Arabian Peninsula, as the Arab traders brought it to South Asia.
India is home to 10.9% of the world's Muslim population. [ 93][ 97] According to Pew Research Center, there can be 213 million Muslims in 2020, India's 15% population. [ 98][ 99] Indian Muslim have a fertility rate of 2.36, the highest in the nation as per as according to year 2019-21 estimation. [ 100]
While there is a tendency to view the Muslim conquests and Muslim empires as a prolonged period of violence against Hindu culture, [note 2] in between the periods of wars and conquests, there were harmonious Hindu-Muslim relations in most Indian communities, [172] and the Indian population grew during the medieval Muslim times. No populations ...
Category. Portal. v. t. e. Akbar greeting Hindu Rajput rulers and other nobles at court, he attempted to foster communal harmony between Hindus and Muslims. [ 1] Interactions between Muslims and Hindus began in the 7th century, after the advent of Islam in the Arabian Peninsula. These interactions were mainly by trade throughout the Indian Ocean.
Muslim scholars made advances to the map-making traditions of earlier cultures, [1] explorers and merchants learned in their travels across the Old World (Afro-Eurasia). [1] Islamic geography had three major fields: exploration and navigation, physical geography, and cartography and mathematical geography. [1]
The Talpur dynasty was a Shia Muslim dynasty based on the region of Sindh, which ruled Sindh and parts of Punjab region, from 1783 to 1843. [121] The Talpur army defeated the Kalhora Dynasty in the Battle of Halani in 1783 to become rulers of Sindh. Later it split into three smaller states of Mirpur, Hyderabad and Khairpur. [122]
Muslim communities has a system of social stratification [1] arising from concepts other than "pure" and "impure", which are integral to the caste system in India. [2] [3] It developed as a result of relations among foreign conquerors, local upper-caste Hindus convert to Islam (ashraf, also known as tabqa-i ashrafiyya [4]) and local lower-caste converts (ajlaf), as well as the continuation of ...