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Box plot of data from the Michelson experiment. In descriptive statistics, a box plot or boxplot is a method for demonstrating graphically the locality, spread and skewness groups of numerical data through their quartiles. [ 1] In addition to the box on a box plot, there can be lines (which are called whiskers) extending from the box indicating ...
Plot (graphics) A plot is a graphical technique for representing a data set, usually as a graph showing the relationship between two or more variables. The plot can be drawn by hand or by a computer. In the past, sometimes mechanical or electronic plotters were used.
Bivariate analysis is one of the simplest forms of quantitative (statistical) analysis. [1] It involves the analysis of two variables (often denoted as X , Y ), for the purpose of determining the empirical relationship between them. [1] Bivariate analysis can be helpful in testing simple hypotheses of association.
In statistics, an outlier is a data point that differs significantly from other observations. [ 1][ 2] An outlier may be due to a variability in the measurement, an indication of novel data, or it may be the result of experimental error; the latter are sometimes excluded from the data set. [ 3][ 4] An outlier can be an indication of exciting ...
a measure of statistical dispersion like the standard mean absolute deviation. a measure of the shape of the distribution like skewness or kurtosis. if more than one variable is measured, a measure of statistical dependence such as a correlation coefficient. A common collection of order statistics used as summary statistics are the five-number ...
Interquartile range. Boxplot (with an interquartile range) and a probability density function (pdf) of a Normal N (0,σ2) Population. In descriptive statistics, the interquartile range ( IQR) is a measure of statistical dispersion, which is the spread of the data. [ 1] The IQR may also be called the midspread, middle 50%, fourth spread, or H ...
In probability theory, a probability density function ( PDF ), density function, or density of an absolutely continuous random variable, is a function whose value at any given sample (or point) in the sample space (the set of possible values taken by the random variable) can be interpreted as providing a relative likelihood that the value of ...
The five-number summary is a set of descriptive statistics that provides information about a dataset. It consists of the five most important sample percentiles : the sample minimum (smallest observation) the lower quartile or first quartile. the median (the middle value) the upper quartile or third quartile.