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Also bear in mind that the fraction 2/3 is the single exception, used in addition to integers, that Ahmes uses alongside all (positive) rational unit fractions to express Egyptian fractions. The 2/n table can be said to partially follow an algorithm (see problem 61B) for expressing 2/n as an Egyptian fraction of 2 terms, when n is composite.
The golden ratio's negative −φ and reciprocal φ−1 are the two roots of the quadratic polynomial x2 + x − 1. The golden ratio is also an algebraic number and even an algebraic integer. It has minimal polynomial. This quadratic polynomial has two roots, and. The golden ratio is also closely related to the polynomial.
The study of polyomino tilings largely concerns two classes of problems: to tile a rectangle with congruent tiles, and to pack one of each n-omino into a rectangle. A classic puzzle of the second kind is to arrange all twelve pentominoes into rectangles sized 3×20, 4×15, 5×12 or 6×10.
The silver ratio is a Pisot–Vijayaraghavan number (PV number), as its conjugate 1 − √ 2 = −1 δS ≈ −0.41421 has absolute value less than 1. In fact it is the second smallest quadratic PV number after the golden ratio. This means the distance from δ n. S to the nearest integer is 1 δ n. S ≈ 0.41421n. Thus, the ...
Superellipse. A superellipse, also known as a Lamé curve after Gabriel Lamé, is a closed curve resembling the ellipse, retaining the geometric features of semi-major axis and semi-minor axis, and symmetry about them, but defined by an equation that allows for various shapes between a rectangle and an ellipse.
The missing square puzzle is an optical illusion used in mathematics classes to help students reason about geometrical figures; or rather to teach them not to reason using figures, but to use only textual descriptions and the axioms of geometry. It depicts two arrangements made of similar shapes in slightly different configurations.
It is also the densest possible packing of discs with this size ratio (ratio of 0.6375559772 with packing fraction (area density) of 0.910683). [8] There are also a range of problems which permit the sizes of the circles to be non-uniform.
Gauss's constant, denoted by G, is equal to ϖ / π ≈ 0.8346268 [13] and named after Carl Friedrich Gauss, who calculated it via the arithmetic–geometric mean as / (,). [6] By 1799, Gauss had two proofs of the theorem that (,) = / where is the lemniscate constant.
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