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The mechanisms of contraction in these muscle tissues are similar to those in skeletal muscle tissues. Muscle contraction can also be described in terms of two variables: length and tension. [ 1 ] In natural movements that underlie locomotor activity , muscle contractions are multifaceted as they are able to produce changes in length and ...
Sliding filament theory: A sarcomere in relaxed (above) and contracted (below) positions. The sliding filament theory explains the mechanism of muscle contraction based on muscle proteins that slide past each other to generate movement. [ 1] According to the sliding filament theory, the myosin ( thick filaments) of muscle fibers slide past the ...
Skeletal muscle (commonly referred to as muscle) is one of the three types of vertebrate muscle tissue, the other being cardiac muscle and smooth muscle. They are part of the voluntary muscular system [ 1] and typically are attached by tendons to bones of a skeleton. [ 2][ 3] The skeletal muscle cells are much longer than in the other types of ...
Neuromuscular junction. A neuromuscular junction (or myoneural junction) is a chemical synapse between a motor neuron and a muscle fiber. [ 1] It allows the motor neuron to transmit a signal to the muscle fiber, causing muscle contraction . Muscles require innervation to function—and even just to maintain muscle tone, avoiding atrophy.
Blue = troponin C; green = troponin I; magenta = troponin T. [ 1] Troponin, or the troponin complex, is a complex of three regulatory proteins ( troponin C, troponin I, and troponin T) that are integral to muscle contraction [ 2] in skeletal muscle and cardiac muscle, but not smooth muscle. Measurements of cardiac-specific troponins I and T are ...
The skeletal muscle pump. The skeletal muscle pump or musculovenous pump is a collection of skeletal muscles that aid the heart in the circulation of blood. It is especially important in increasing venous return to the heart, [ 1] but may also play a role in arterial blood flow .
The stretch reflex ( myotatic reflex ), or more accurately "muscle stretch reflex", is a muscle contraction in response to stretching a muscle. The function of the reflex is generally thought to be maintaining the muscle at a constant length but the response is often coordinated across multiple muscles and even joints. [ 1]
A tetanic contraction (also called tetanized state, tetanus, or physiologic tetanus, the latter to differentiate from the disease called tetanus) is a sustained muscle contraction [2] evoked when the motor nerve that innervates a skeletal muscle emits action potentials at a very high rate. [3] [4] During this state, a motor unit has been ...