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Depiction of smooth muscle contraction. Muscle contraction is the activation of tension -generating sites within muscle cells. [ 1][ 2] In physiology, muscle contraction does not necessarily mean muscle shortening because muscle tension can be produced without changes in muscle length, such as when holding something heavy in the same position. [ 1]
Sliding filament theory: A sarcomere in relaxed (above) and contracted (below) positions. The sliding filament theory explains the mechanism of muscle contraction based on muscle proteins that slide past each other to generate movement. [ 1] According to the sliding filament theory, the myosin ( thick filaments) of muscle fibers slide past the ...
Skeletal muscle (commonly referred to as muscle) is one of the three types of vertebrate muscle tissue, the other being cardiac muscle and smooth muscle. They are part of the voluntary muscular system [ 1] and typically are attached by tendons to bones of a skeleton. [ 2][ 3] The skeletal muscle cells are much longer than in the other types of ...
Neuromuscular junction. A neuromuscular junction (or myoneural junction) is a chemical synapse between a motor neuron and a muscle fiber. [ 1] It allows the motor neuron to transmit a signal to the muscle fiber, causing muscle contraction . Muscles require innervation to function—and even just to maintain muscle tone, avoiding atrophy.
Muscular system. The muscular system is an organ system consisting of skeletal, smooth, and cardiac muscle. It permits movement of the body, maintains posture, and circulates blood throughout the body. [ 1] The muscular systems in vertebrates are controlled through the nervous system although some muscles (such as the cardiac muscle) can be ...
The stretch reflex ( myotatic reflex ), or more accurately "muscle stretch reflex", is a muscle contraction in response to stretching a muscle. The function of the reflex is generally thought to be maintaining the muscle at a constant length but the response is often coordinated across multiple muscles and even joints. [ 1]
Troponin C, skeletal muscle. Troponin C, skeletal muscle is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TNNC2 gene. [5] [6] Troponin (Tn), is a key protein complex in the regulation of striated muscle contraction, composed of three subunits. The TnI subunit inhibits actomyosin ATPase, the TnT subunit binds tropomyosin and TnC, while the TnC ...
The human musculoskeletal system (also known as the human locomotor system, and previously the activity system) is an organ system that gives humans the ability to move using their muscular and skeletal systems. The musculoskeletal system provides form, support, stability, and movement to the body. It is made up of the bones of the skeleton ...