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Since there is no universal agreement on Europe's regional composition, the placement of individual countries may vary based on criteria being used. For instance, the Balkans is a distinct geographical region within Europe, but individual countries may alternatively be grouped into South-eastern Europe or Southern Europe.
Berlin finally fell in 1945, ending the Second World War in Europe. The war was the largest and most destructive in human history, with 60 million dead across the world. [212] More than 40 million people in Europe had died as a result of the Second World War, [213] including between 11 and 17 million people who perished during the Holocaust. [214]
In terms of shape, Europe is a collection of connected peninsulas and nearby islands. The two largest peninsulas are Europe itself and Scandinavia to the north, divided from each other by the Baltic Sea. Three smaller peninsulas— Iberia, Italy, and the Balkans —emerge from the southern margin of the mainland.
Germany is the seventh-largest country in Europe. [4] It borders Denmark to the north, Poland and Czechia to the east, Austria and Switzerland to the south, and France, Luxembourg, Belgium, and the Netherlands to the west. Germany is also bordered by the North Sea and, at the north-northeast, by the Baltic Sea.
The .eu domain is also used, as it is shared with other European Union member states. Latvia ( / ˈlætviə / ⓘ LAT-vee-ə, sometimes / ˈlɑːtviə / LAHT-vee-ə; Latvian: Latvija Latvian pronunciation: [ˈlatvija] ), [14] officially the Republic of Latvia, [15] [16] is a country in the Baltic region of Northern Europe.
Prussia ( / ˈprʌʃə /, German: Preußen [ˈpʁɔʏsn̩] ⓘ; Old Prussian: Prūsa or Prūsija) was a German state located on most of the North European Plain, also occupying southern and eastern regions. It formed the German Empire when it united the German states in 1871.
Ethnic groups in Europe. Europeans are the focus of European ethnology, the field of anthropology related to the various ethnic groups that reside in the states of Europe. Groups may be defined by common ancestry, common language, common faith, etc. The total number of national minority populations in Europe is estimated at 105 million people ...
Western Europe is the western region of Europe. The region's extent varies depending on context. The region's extent varies depending on context. The concept of "the West" appeared in Europe in juxtaposition to "the East" and originally applied to the ancient Mediterranean world, the Roman Empire (both Western and Eastern ), and medieval ...