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Diagnosis of autism. The diagnosis of autism is based on a person's reported and directly observed behavior. [1] There are no known biomarkers for autism spectrum conditions that allow for a conclusive diagnosis. [2] In most cases, diagnostic criteria codified in the World Health Organization's International Classification of Diseases (ICD) or ...
Autism, also called autism spectrum disorder [a] (ASD) or autism spectrum condition (ASC), [10] is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by symptoms of deficient reciprocal social communication and the presence of restricted, repetitive, and inflexible patterns of behavior that are impairing in multiple contexts and excessive or atypical to be developmentally and socioculturally ...
Asperger syndrome ( AS ), also known as Asperger's syndrome or Asperger's, is a term formerly used to describe a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by significant difficulties in social interaction and nonverbal communication, along with restricted, repetitive patterns of behavior and interests. [ 5]
Antipsychotics, antidepressants, stimulants (associated symptoms) [8] [9] [10] High-functioning autism ( HFA) was historically an autism classification where a person exhibits no intellectual disability, but may experience difficulty in communication, emotion recognition, expression, and social interaction. [11] [12] [13]
The Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised ( ADI-R) is a structured interview conducted with the parents of individuals who have been referred for the evaluation of possible autism or autism spectrum disorders. The interview, used by researchers and clinicians for decades, can be used for diagnostic purposes for anyone with a mental age of at ...
Pervasive developmental disorder. The diagnostic category pervasive developmental disorders ( PDD ), as opposed to specific developmental disorders (SDD), was a group of disorders characterized by delays in the development of multiple basic functions including socialization and communication. It was defined by the Diagnostic and Statistical ...
Autism. Classic autism, also known as childhood autism, autistic disorder, (early) infantile autism, infantile psychosis, Kanner's autism, Kanner's syndrome, or (formerly) just autism, is a neurodevelopmental condition first described by Leo Kanner in 1943. It is characterized by atypical and impaired development in social interaction and ...
The history of autism spans over a century; [ 1] autism has been subject to varying treatments, being pathologized or being viewed as a beneficial part of human neurodiversity. [ 2] The understanding of autism has been shaped by cultural, scientific, and societal factors, and its perception and treatment change over time as scientific ...