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Islamic world contributions to Medieval Europe. A Christian and a Muslim playing chess, illustration from the Book of Games of Alfonso X (c. 1285). [ 1] During the High Middle Ages, the Islamic world was at its cultural peak, supplying information and ideas to Europe, via Al-Andalus, Sicily and the Crusader kingdoms in the Levant.
According to the traditional account, [5] [6] [10] the Islamic prophet Muhammad was born in Mecca, an important caravan trading center, [56] around the year 570 CE. [57] His family belonged to the Arab clan of Quraysh , which was the chief tribe of Mecca and a dominant force in western Arabia.
The history of the Quran, the holy book of Islam, is the timeline ranging from the inception of the Quran during the lifetime of Muhammad (believed to have received the Quran through revelation between 610 and 632 CE [ 1] ), to the emergence, transmission, and canonization of its written copies. The history of the Quran is a major focus in the ...
A calendar is used to display dates and related information, usually in a table format. Calendars are used to plan future events and keep track of appointments, and so a typical calendar will include days of the week, week numbering, months, public holidays and clock changes. [1] Printed calendars also often contain additional information ...
The Tusi couple, a mathematical device invented by the Persian polymath Nasir al-Din Tusi to model the not perfectly circular motions of the planets. Science in the medieval Islamic world was the science developed and practised during the Islamic Golden Age under the Abbasid Caliphate of Baghdad, the Umayyads of Córdoba, the Abbadids of Seville, the Samanids, the Ziyarids and the Buyids in ...
During the twentieth century, the Islamic world introduction to modern science was facilitated by the expansion of educational systems. For example, in 1900 and 1925, Istanbul and Cairo opened universities. In these universities, new concerns have emerged among the students.
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