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Medieval Islamic geography and cartography refer to the study of geography and cartography in the Muslim world during the Islamic Golden Age (variously dated between the 8th century and 16th century). Muslim scholars made advances to the map-making traditions of earlier cultures, [ 1] explorers and merchants learned in their travels across the ...
The Tusi couple, a mathematical device invented by the Persian polymath Nasir al-Din Tusi to model the not perfectly circular motions of the planets. Science in the medieval Islamic world was the science developed and practised during the Islamic Golden Age under the Abbasid Caliphate of Baghdad, the Umayyads of Córdoba, the Abbadids of Seville, the Samanids, the Ziyarids and the Buyids in ...
The metaphor of a golden age began to be applied in 19th-century literature about Islamic history, in the context of the western aesthetic fashion known as Orientalism.The author of a Handbook for Travelers in Syria and Palestine in 1868 observed that the most beautiful mosques of Damascus were "like Mohammedanism itself, now rapidly decaying" and relics of "the golden age of Islam".
After that Muslim dynasties rose; some of these dynasties established notable and prominent Muslim empires, such as the Umayyad Empire and later the Abbasid Empire, [1] [2] Ottoman Empire centered around Anatolia, the Safavid Empire of Persia, and the Mughal Empire in India. [citation needed]
Samarkand or Samarqand ( / ˈsæmərkænd / SAM-ər-kand; Uzbek and Tajik: Самарқанд / Samarqand, pronounced [sæmærqænd, -ænt]; ) is a city in southeastern Uzbekistan and among the oldest continuously inhabited cities in Central Asia. Samarqand is the capital of Samarqand Region and a district-level city, that includes the urban ...
ʻAlī Ibn Ḥawqal al-Naṣībī, born in Nisibis, Upper Mesopotamia; [ 1] was a 10th-century Arab [ 2] Muslim writer, geographer, and chronicler who travelled from AD 943 to 969. [ 3] His famous work, written in 977, is called Surat Al-Ard ( صورة الارض; "The face of the Earth"). The date of his death, known from his writings, was ...
The Arab world straddles two continents, Africa and Asia. It is mainly oriented along an east–west axis. [citation needed] The West Asian Arab region comprises the Arabian Peninsula, most of the Levant (excluding Cyprus and Israel), most of Mesopotamia (excluding parts of Turkey and Iran) and the Persian Gulf region.
The Middle East-North Africa region hosts 23% of the world's Muslims, and Islam is the dominant religion in every country in the region [25] other than Israel. [9] The country with the single largest population of Muslims is Indonesia in Southeast Asia, which on its own hosts 13% of the world's Muslims. [26]