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This timeline of artificial satellites and space probes includes uncrewed spacecraft including technology demonstrators, observatories, lunar probes, and interplanetary probes. First satellites from each country are included. Not included are most Earth science satellites, commercial satellites or crewed missions .
5 March 1958. U.S. Army Ballistic Missile Agency. Failed to orbit. Vanguard 1. United States. 17 March 1958. U.S. Naval Research Laboratory. Oldest artificial satellite in orbit, along with its upper stage. Explorer 3.
Explorers Program. An Explorer mission observes Sagittarius A*, the Milky Way's central black hole, flaring. The Explorers program [1] is a NASA exploration program that provides flight opportunities for physics, geophysics, heliophysics, and astrophysics investigations from space. Launched in 1958, Explorer 1 was the first spacecraft of the ...
Ghana. GhanaSat-1. All Nations University. Launched on same rocket as first Bangladeshi and Mongolian satellites. Mongolia. Mazaalai (satellite) National University of Mongolia. Launched on same rocket as first Ghanaian and Bangladeshi satellites. Latvia.
Earth observation satellite missions developed by the ESA as of 2019. Earth observation satellites are Earth-orbiting spacecraft with sensors used to collect imagery and measurements of the surface of the earth. These satellites are used to monitor short-term weather, long-term climate change, natural disasters.
The United States Space Surveillance Network (SSN) detects, tracks, catalogs and identifies artificial objects orbiting Earth, e.g. active/inactive satellites, spent rocket bodies, or fragmentation debris. The system is the responsibility of United States Space Command and operated by the United States Space Force and its functions are:
United States: ACTS Gigabit Satellite Network: First communication satellite network to operate in the 20-30 GHz frequency band: September 12, 1993 United States: Iridium 1: First satellite for satellite telephone service: May 5, 1997 United States: AO-40: First satellite to use GPS for navigation and attitude determination in High Earth orbit ...
Amazon announced it was "one step closer to deploying its full satellite constellation" on July 21, with construction underway on a new satellite-processing facility at NASA's Kennedy Space Center ...