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Abu Rayhan Muhammad ibn Ahmad al-Biruni / æ l b ɪ ˈ r uː n i / (Persian: ابوریحان بیرونی; Arabic: أبو الريحان البيروني; 973 – after 1050), [5] known as al-Biruni, was a Khwarazmian Iranian scholar and polymath during the Islamic Golden Age.
Nasser's successor, Anwar al-Sadat, introduced a policy of economic liberalisation and, to a much lesser extent, political liberalisation.In 1971 the concentration camps were closed, and the regime began to gradually release the imprisoned Brothers, though the organisation itself remained illegal; the last of those still behind bars regained their freedom in the general amnesty of 1975.
The New York City Council is the lawmaking body of New York City in the United States. It has 51 members from 51 council districts throughout the five boroughs.. The council serves as a check against the mayor in a mayor-council government model, the performance of city agencies' land use decisions, and legislating on a variety of other issues.
Bavaria Scott #1, the first German stamp, 1849. This is a survey of the postage stamps and postal history of Germany and philatelically related areas. The main modern providers of service were the Reichspost (1871–1945), the Deutsche Post under Allied control (1945–1949), the Deutsche Post of the GDR (1949–1990), the Deutsche Bundespost (1949–1995), along with the Deutsche Bundespost ...
The 5¢ issue appeared only in "vertical coils" (i. e., the coil was a single stamp wide, each stamp was imperforate on both its left and right sides, while perforations separated the bottom of each stamp from the top of the one below it); the 1¢ and 2¢ values, however were each offered both as "vertical coils" and "horizontal coils" (stamps ...
The United States Postal Service proposed a price increase for Forever stamps in July 2024, raising the cost from 68 to 73 cents. This follows an increase in January 2024 and marks the sixth increase since January 2021. Despite these ongoing price hikes, the United States maintains relatively inexpensive postage compared to other developed ...
The permanent members of the United Nations Security Council. The permanent members of the United Nations Security Council (also known as the Permanent Five, Big Five, or P5) are the five sovereign states to whom the UN Charter of 1945 grants a permanent seat on the UN Security Council: China, France, Russia, United Kingdom, and United States ...
The Oakland City Council has eight council members representing seven districts in Oakland with one member elected at-large; council members serve staggered four-year terms, and are all elected using instant-runoff voting. The mayor appoints a city administrator, subject to the confirmation by the city council, who is the chief administrative ...