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Muslim rule in India saw a major shift in the cultural, linguistic, and religious makeup of the subcontinent. [8] Persian and Arabic vocabulary began to enter local languages, giving way to modern Punjabi, Bengali, and Gujarati, while creating new languages including Hindustani and its dialect, Deccani , used as official languages under Muslim ...
The second half of the 13th-century witnessed raids on Hindu kingdoms by Muslim forces controlling the northwest and north India, states Peter Jackson. [217] These did not lead to sustained persecution of the Hindus in the targeted kingdoms, because the Muslim armies merely looted the Hindus, took cattle and slaves, then left.
Medieval Islamic geography and cartography refer to the study of geography and cartography in the Muslim world during the Islamic Golden Age (variously dated between the 8th century and 16th century). Muslim scholars made advances to the map-making traditions of earlier cultures, [ 1] explorers and merchants learned in their travels across the ...
Map of the central Ladakh region. Ladakh is the highest plateau in India with most of it being over 3,000 m (9,800 ft). [20] It extends from the Himalayan to the Kunlun [68] Ranges and includes the upper Indus River valley. The confluence of the Indus (flowing left-to-right) and Zanskar (coming in from top) rivers.
Kashmir. Coordinates: 34.5°N 76.5°E. Kashmir ( / ˈkæʃmɪər / KASH-meer or / kæʃˈmɪər / kash-MEER) is the northernmost geographical region of the Indian subcontinent. Until the mid-19th century, the term "Kashmir" denoted only the Kashmir Valley between the Great Himalayas and the Pir Panjal Range.
Islam is India's second-largest religion, [7] with 14.2% of the country's population, or approximately 172.2 million people, identifying as adherents of Islam in a 2011 census. [8] India also has the third-largest number of Muslims in the world. [9] [10] The majority of India's Muslims are Sunni, with Shia making up around 15% of the Muslim ...
Islam. Islam is the second-largest religion in South Asia, with more than 650 million Muslims living there, forming about one-third of the region's population. Islam first spread along the coastal regions of the Indian subcontinent and Sri Lanka, almost as soon as it started in the Arabian Peninsula, as the Arab traders brought it to South Asia.
Indian subcontinent. The Indian subcontinent[ note 7] is a physiographical region in Southern Asia, mostly situated on the Indian Plate, projecting southwards into the Indian Ocean from the Himalayas. Geographically, it spans the countries of Bangladesh, Bhutan, the British Indian Ocean Territory ( United Kingdom ), India, [ note 1] Maldives ...