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The name Fatima is from the Arabic root f-t-m (lit. ' to wean ') and signifies the Shia belief that she, her progeny, and her adherents (shi'a) have been spared from hellfire. [6] [26] [27] Alternatively, the word Fatima is associated in Shia sources with Fatir (lit. ' creator ', a name of God) as the earthly symbol of the divine creative power ...
Islamic calligraphy is the artistic practice of handwriting and calligraphy, in the languages which use Arabic alphabet or the alphabets derived from it. It includes Arabic, Persian, Ottoman, and Urdu calligraphy. [ 2][ 3] It is known in Arabic as khatt Arabi ( خط عربي ), which translates into Arabic line, design, or construction. [ 4]
European ambassadors of that period called her Roxelana, meaning "Ruthenian woman" [16] or "the Ruthenian one" for her alleged Ruthenian origins. [17] She is the sultan's consort with the most portraits in her name in the Ottoman Empire, though the portraits are imaginary depictions by painters. [18]
BERBERS, the name under which are included the various branches of the indigenous “Libyan” race of North Africa. However this may be, tribal titles, Barabara and Beraberata , appear in Egyptian inscriptions of 1700 and 1300 B.C, and the Berbers were probably intimately related with the Egyptians in very early times.
This two-way writing system reveals that modern ambigrams can have quite ancient origins, with an intuitive component in some minds. Mirror writing in Islamic calligraphy flourished during the early modern period, but its origins may stretch as far back as pre-Islamic mirror-image rock inscriptions in the Hejaz. [30]
After that Muslim dynasties rose; some of these dynasties established notable and prominent Muslim empires, such as the Umayyad Empire and later the Abbasid Empire, [1] [2] Ottoman Empire centered around Anatolia, the Safavid Empire of Persia, and the Mughal Empire in India. [citation needed]
Islamic feminism is a form of feminism concerned with the role of women in Islam. It aims for the full equality of all Muslims, regardless of gender, in public and private life. Islamic feminists advocate for women's rights, gender equality, and social justice grounded in an Islamic framework.