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In propositional logic, modus ponens ( / ˈmoʊdəs ˈpoʊnɛnz /; MP ), also known as modus ponendo ponens (from Latin 'method of putting by placing'), [ 1] implication elimination, or affirming the antecedent, [ 2] is a deductive argument form and rule of inference. [ 3] It can be summarized as " P implies Q. P is true.
Swaraj. Swarāj (Svarāja) sva "self", raj "rule") can mean generally self-governance or "self-rule". The term was used synonymously with "home-rule" by Maharishi Dayanand Saraswati and later on by Mahatma Gandhi, [ 1] but the word usually refers to Gandhi's concept of Indian independence from foreign domination. [ 2]
Schwa deletion, or schwa syncope, is a phenomenon that sometimes occurs in Assamese, Hindi, Urdu, Bengali, Kashmiri, Punjabi, Gujarati, and several other Indo-Aryan languages with schwas that are implicit in their written scripts. Languages like Marathi and Maithili with increased influence from other languages through coming into contact with ...
It’s called the 2:1 rule and it’s a hit on TikTok, so we asked a stylist for her take. Meet the Expert Kim Appelt is a fashion stylist , TV personality, author and YouTuber with 11 years of ...
In classic philosophy, an axiom is a statement that is so evident or well-established, that it is accepted without controversy or question. [ 3] In modern logic, an axiom is a premise or starting point for reasoning. [ 4] In mathematics, an axiom may be a "logical axiom" or a "non-logical axiom". Logical axioms are taken to be true within the ...
Idempotence ( UK: / ˌɪdɛmˈpoʊtəns /, [ 1] US: / ˈaɪdəm -/) [ 2] is the property of certain operations in mathematics and computer science whereby they can be applied multiple times without changing the result beyond the initial application. The concept of idempotence arises in a number of places in abstract algebra (in particular, in ...
The exception proves the rule is a phrase that arises from ignorance, though common to good writers. The original word was preuves, which did not mean proves but tests. [ 4] In this sense, the phrase does not mean that an exception demonstrates a rule to be true or to exist, but that it tests the rule, thereby proving its value.
The presumption of innocence is a legal principle that every person accused of any crime is considered innocent until proven guilty. Under the presumption of innocence, the legal burden of proof is thus on the prosecution, which must present compelling evidence to the trier of fact (a judge or a jury ). If the prosecution does not prove the ...