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Mecca (/ ˈ m ɛ k ə /; officially Makkah al-Mukarramah, [a] commonly shortened to Makkah [b]) is the capital of Mecca Province in the Hejaz region of western Saudi Arabia and the holiest city according to Islam. [4] It is 70 km (43 mi) inland from Jeddah on the Red Sea, in a narrow valley 277 m (909 ft) above sea level. Its last recorded ...
Hejaz is the region in the Arabian Peninsula where Mecca and Medina are located. It is where the Islamic prophet Muhammad was born and raised. [10]The two holy cities of Islam, Mecca and Medina, are traditionally known as the Ḥaramayn, which is the dual form of ḥaram, thus meaning "The Two Sanctuaries". [11]
Muhammad in Mecca. Muhammad, the final Islamic prophet, was born and lived in Mecca for the first 53 years of his life ( c. 570–622 CE) until the Hijra. This period of his life is characterized by his proclamation of prophethood. Muhammad's father, Abdullah ibn Abd al-Muttalib, died before he was born.
The State of Medina at its greatest peak, 632 AD. The first Islamic State, better known as State of Medina[ 2] was the first Islamic state established by Islamic prophet Muhammad in Medina in 622 CE under the Constitution of Medina. It represented the political unity of the Muslim Ummah (nation). After Muhammad's death, his companions known as ...
Stone, Marble, Limestone. The Kaaba, [ b] sometimes referred to as al-Ka'ba al-Musharrafa, [ d] is a stone building at the center of Islam 's most important mosque and holiest site, the Masjid al-Haram in Mecca, Saudi Arabia. [ 2][ 3][ 4] It is considered by Muslims to be the Bayt Allah (Arabic: بَيْت ٱللَّٰه, lit.
Masjid al-Haram ( Arabic: ٱَلْمَسْجِدُ ٱلْحَرَام, romanized : al-Masjid al-Ḥarām, lit. 'The Sacred Mosque'), [ 4] also known as the Sacred Mosque or the Great Mosque of Mecca, [ 5] is considered to be the most significant mosque in Islam. [ 6][ 7] It encloses the vicinity of the Kaaba in Mecca, in the Mecca Province ...
Medina, [a] officially Al-Madinah al-Munawwarah (Arabic: المدينة المنورة, romanized: al-Madīnah al-Munawwarah, lit. 'The Luminous City', Hejazi Arabic pronunciation: [al.maˈdiːna al.mʊˈnawːara]) and also commonly simplified as Madīnah or Madinah (المدينة, al-Madina), is the capital of Medina Province in the Hejaz region of western Saudi Arabia.
The conquest of Mecca ( Arabic: فَتْحُ مَكَّةَ Fatḥu Makkah, alternatively, "liberation of Mecca") was a military campaign undertaken by Muhammad and his companions during the Muslim–Quraysh War. They led the early Muslims in an advance on the Quraysh -controlled city of Mecca in December 629 or January 630 [ 3][ 4] (10–20 ...