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Islamic calligraphy is the artistic practice of handwriting and calligraphy, in the languages which use Arabic alphabet or the alphabets derived from it. It includes Arabic, Persian, Ottoman, and Urdu calligraphy. [ 2][ 3] It is known in Arabic as khatt Arabi ( خط عربي ), which translates into Arabic line, design, or construction. [ 4]
The Urdu alphabet ( Urdu: اردو حروفِ تہجی, romanized : urdū ḥurūf-i tahajjī) is the right-to-left alphabet used for writing Urdu. It is a modification of the Persian alphabet, which itself is derived from the Arabic script. It has official status in the republics of Pakistan, India and South Africa.
Modern Turkish uses a Latin-based alphabet, and most Arabic-derived names have standardized Turkish spellings. The less common transliterations of Ahmad are used by Muslims outside the Middle East proper, such as in Indonesia and Russia. For Bashkirs and Tatars, the name is Әхмәт (Äxmät / Əxmət). [33] [34]
Shahmukhi script is a modified version of the Arabic script 's Persian alphabet. It is identical to the Urdu alphabet, but contains additional letters representing the Punjabi phonology. For writing Saraiki, an extended Shahmukhi is used that includes 4 additional letters for the implosive consonants ( ٻ, ڄ, ݙ, ڳ ).
It originated from Aisha, the third wife of the Islamic prophet, Muhammad, and is a very popular name among Muslim women. Ayesha and Aisha are common variant spelling in the Arab World and among American Muslim women in the United States, where it was ranked 2,020 out of 4,275 for females of all ages in the 1990 US Census . [ 1 ]
Calligraphy has arguably become the most venerated form of Islamic art because it provides a link between the languages of the Muslims with the religion of Islam. The Qur'an has played an important role in the development and evolution of the Arabic language, and by extension, calligraphy in the Arabic alphabet. Proverbs and passages from the ...
The basic Arabic alphabet contains 28 letters. Forms using the Arabic script to write other languages added and removed letters: for example ژ is often used to represent /ʒ/ in adaptations of the Arabic script. Unlike Greek -derived alphabets, Arabic has no distinct upper and lower case letterforms.
Rekhta (Urdu: ریختہ [ˈreːxtaː]; Hindi: रेख़्ता [ˈreːxtaː]) was an early form of the Hindustani language.This style evolved in both the Perso-Arabic and Devanagari scripts and is considered an early form of Modern Standard Urdu and Modern Standard Hindi. [2]