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Mercator 1569 world map ( Nova et Aucta Orbis Terrae Descriptio ad Usum Navigantium Emendate Accommodata) showing latitudes 66°S to 80°N. The Mercator projection ( / mərˈkeɪtər /) is a conformal cylindrical map projection presented by Flemish geographer and cartographer Gerardus Mercator in 1569. It became the standard map projection for ...
Dijkstra's algorithm to find the shortest path between a and b. It picks the unvisited vertex with the lowest distance, calculates the distance through it to each unvisited neighbor, and updates the neighbor's distance if smaller. Mark visited (set to red) when done with neighbors. Dijkstra's algorithm ( / ˈdaɪkstrəz / DYKE-strəz) is an ...
In cartography, a map projection is any of a broad set of transformations employed to represent the curved two-dimensional surface of a globe on a plane. [ 1][ 2][ 3] In a map projection, coordinates, often expressed as latitude and longitude, of locations from the surface of the globe are transformed to coordinates on a plane. [ 4][ 5 ...
Long distance New York – Miami: 97, 98: 1 283,932 1,389 Silver Star: Long distance New York – Miami 91, 92: 1 351,732 1,522 Southwest Chief: Long distance Chicago – Los Angeles 3, 4: 1 253,838 2,256 Sunset Limited: Long distance New Orleans – Los Angeles 1, 2: 3 weekly round trips: 77,288 1,995 Texas Eagle: Long distance Chicago – San ...
Two antipodal points, u and v are also shown. The great-circle distance, orthodromic distance, or spherical distance is the distance between two points on a sphere, measured along the great-circle arc between them. This arc is the shortest path between the two points on the surface of the sphere. (By comparison, the shortest path passing ...
Δ λ = λ 2 − λ 1 {\displaystyle \Delta \lambda =\lambda _ {2}-\lambda _ {1}} . Finally, the haversine function hav (θ), applied above to both the central angle θ and the differences in latitude and longitude, is. The haversine function computes half a versine of the angle θ, or the squares of half chord of the angle on a unit circle ...
Waypoint. A waypoint is a point or place on a route or line of travel, a stopping point, an intermediate point, or point at which course is changed, [1] [2] the first use of the term tracing to 1880. [2] In modern terms, it most often refers to coordinates which specify one's position on the globe at the end of each "leg" (stage) of an air ...
48 mph (77 km/h) between stations [2] Top speed. 125 mph (201 km/h) ( NEC) System map. The Long Distance Service Line is the division of Amtrak responsible for operating all intercity passenger train services in the United States longer than 750 miles (1,210 km). There are fifteen such routes as of 2023, serving over 300 stations in 39 states.