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  2. Rotation of axes in two dimensions - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotation_of_axes_in_two...

    In mathematics, a rotation of axes in two dimensions is a mapping from an xy - Cartesian coordinate system to an x′y′ -Cartesian coordinate system in which the origin is kept fixed and the x′ and y′ axes are obtained by rotating the x and y axes counterclockwise through an angle . A point P has coordinates ( x, y) with respect to the ...

  3. Rotations and reflections in two dimensions - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotations_and_reflections...

    An xy-Cartesian coordinate system rotated through an angle to an x′y′-Cartesian coordinate system In mathematics, a rotation of axes in two dimensions is a mapping from an xy-Cartesian coordinate system to an x′y′-Cartesian coordinate system in which the origin is kept fixed and the x′ and y′ axes are obtained by rotating the x and y axes counterclockwise through an angle .

  4. Axis–angle representation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Axis–angle_representation

    The angle θ and axis unit vector e define a rotation, concisely represented by the rotation vector θe.. In mathematics, the axis–angle representation parameterizes a rotation in a three-dimensional Euclidean space by two quantities: a unit vector e indicating the direction (geometry) of an axis of rotation, and an angle of rotation θ describing the magnitude and sense (e.g., clockwise) of ...

  5. Earth's rotation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earth's_rotation

    Earth's rotation. Earth's rotation or Earth's spin is the rotation of planet Earth around its own axis, as well as changes in the orientation of the rotation axis in space. Earth rotates eastward, in prograde motion. As viewed from the northern polar star Polaris, Earth turns counterclockwise . The North Pole, also known as the Geographic North ...

  6. Rotation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotation

    Rotation or rotational motion is the circular movement of an object around a central line, known as axis of rotation. A plane figure can rotate in either a clockwise or counterclockwise sense around a perpendicular axis intersecting anywhere inside or outside the figure at a center of rotation. A solid figure has an infinite number of possible ...

  7. Rotation matrix - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotation_matrix

    Appearance. In linear algebra, a rotation matrix is a transformation matrix that is used to perform a rotation in Euclidean space. For example, using the convention below, the matrix. rotates points in the xy plane counterclockwise through an angle θ about the origin of a two-dimensional Cartesian coordinate system.

  8. Right-hand rule - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Right-hand_rule

    Right-hand rule. In mathematics and physics, the right-hand rule is a convention and a mnemonic, utilized to define the orientation of axes in three-dimensional space and to determine the direction of the cross product of two vectors, as well as to establish the direction of the force on a current-carrying conductor in a magnetic field.

  9. Cartesian coordinate system - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cartesian_coordinate_system

    The orientation is usually chosen so that the 90-degree angle from the first axis to the second axis looks counter-clockwise when seen from the point (0, 0, 1); a convention that is commonly called the right-hand rule. The coordinate surfaces of the Cartesian coordinates (x, y, z). The z-axis is vertical and the x-axis is