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History of Sino-Russian relations. Russian ambassadors in China in the 17th century. Illustration of Niva (Niva, 19th century) Prior to the 17th century, China and Russia were on opposite ends of Siberia, which was populated by independent nomads. By about 1640 Russian settlers had traversed most of Siberia and founded settlements in the Amur ...
Perestroika ( / ˌpɛrəˈstrɔɪkə /; Russian: перестройка, IPA: [pʲɪrʲɪˈstrojkə] ⓘ) [1] was a political reform movement within the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU) during the late 1980s, widely associated with CPSU general secretary Mikhail Gorbachev and his glasnost (meaning "transparency") policy reform.
The Silk Road [a] was a network of Eurasian trade routes active from the second century BCE until the mid-15th century. [1] Spanning over 6,400 km (4,000 mi), it played a central role in facilitating economic, cultural, political, and religious interactions between the Eastern and Western worlds. [2] [3] [4] The name "Silk Road" was first ...
European Russia [a] is the western and most populated part of the Russian Federation. It is geographically situated in Europe, as opposed to the country's sparsely populated and vastly larger eastern part, Siberia, which is situated in Asia, encompassing the entire northern region of the continent. The two parts of Russia are divided by the ...
Europe is a continent located entirely in the Northern Hemisphere and mostly in the Eastern Hemisphere. It is bordered by the Arctic Ocean to the north, the Atlantic Ocean to the west, the Mediterranean Sea to the south, and Asia to the east. Europe shares the landmass of Eurasia with Asia, and of Afro-Eurasia with both Asia and Africa.
Russia,[b]or the Russian Federation,[c]is a country spanning Eastern Europeand North Asia. It is the largest country in the world by area, extending across eleven time zonesand sharing land borders with fourteen countries. [d]It is the world's ninth-most populous countryand Europe's most populous country. Russia is a highly urbanised country ...
Politics portal. v. t. e. The revolutions of 1848, known in some countries as the springtime of the peoples [2] or the springtime of nations, were a series of revolutions throughout Europe over the course of more than one year, from 1848 to 1849. It remains the most widespread revolutionary wave in European history to date.
Background. The book examines the historical relationship between China and Russia over a span of four centuries. The book delves into the complex dynamics of their interactions as geopolitical powers with ideological differences, including their periods of conflict and periods of cooperation in Central Asia and the Far East.