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In mathematics, the trigonometric functions (also called circular functions, angle functions or goniometric functions) [ 1][ 2] are real functions which relate an angle of a right-angled triangle to ratios of two side lengths. They are widely used in all sciences that are related to geometry, such as navigation, solid mechanics, celestial ...
The fixed point iteration x n+1 = cos(x n) with initial value x 0 = −1 converges to the Dottie number. Zero is the only real fixed point of the sine function; in other words the only intersection of the sine function and the identity function is sin ( 0 ) = 0 {\displaystyle \sin(0)=0} .
Sinc function. In mathematics, physics and engineering, the sinc function, denoted by sinc (x), has two forms, normalized and unnormalized. [ 1] In mathematics, the historical unnormalized sinc function is defined for x ≠ 0 by. Alternatively, the unnormalized sinc function is often called the sampling function, indicated as Sa ( x ). [ 2]
Pythagorean trigonometric identity. The Pythagorean trigonometric identity, also called simply the Pythagorean identity, is an identity expressing the Pythagorean theorem in terms of trigonometric functions. Along with the sum-of-angles formulae, it is one of the basic relations between the sine and cosine functions. The identity is.
A right triangle with sides relative to an angle at the point. Inverse trigonometric functions are useful when trying to determine the remaining two angles of a right triangle when the lengths of the sides of the triangle are known. Recalling the right-triangle definitions of sine and cosine, it follows that.
Signum function. In mathematics, the sign function or signum function (from signum, Latin for "sign") is a function that has the value −1, +1 or 0 according to whether the sign of a given real number is positive or negative, or the given number is itself zero. In mathematical notation the sign function is often represented as or .
Sine waves occur often in physics, including wind waves, sound waves, and light waves, such as monochromatic radiation. In engineering, signal processing, and mathematics, Fourier analysis decomposes general functions into a sum of sine waves of various frequencies, relative phases, and magnitudes. When any two sine waves of the same frequency ...
The graph forms a rectangular hyperbola. In mathematics, a multiplicative inverse or reciprocal for a number x, denoted by 1/ x or x−1, is a number which when multiplied by x yields the multiplicative identity, 1. The multiplicative inverse of a fraction a / b is b / a. For the multiplicative inverse of a real number, divide 1 by the number.