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Proof assistant. In computer science and mathematical logic, a proof assistant or interactive theorem prover is a software tool to assist with the development of formal proofs by human–machine collaboration. This involves some sort of interactive proof editor, or other interface, with which a human can guide the search for proofs, the details ...
Propositional calculus. The propositional calculus[ a] is a branch of logic. [ 1] It is also called propositional logic, [ 2] statement logic, [ 1] sentential calculus, [ 3] sentential logic, [ 1] or sometimes zeroth-order logic. [ 4][ 5] It deals with propositions [ 1] (which can be true or false) [ 6] and relations between propositions, [ 7 ...
Automated theorem proving. Automated theorem proving (also known as ATP or automated deduction) is a subfield of automated reasoning and mathematical logic dealing with proving mathematical theorems by computer programs. Automated reasoning over mathematical proof was a major motivating factor for the development of computer science .
v. t. e. A truth table is a mathematical table used in logic —specifically in connection with Boolean algebra, Boolean functions, and propositional calculus —which sets out the functional values of logical expressions on each of their functional arguments, that is, for each combination of values taken by their logical variables. [ 1]
In logic and proof theory, natural deduction is a kind of proof calculus in which logical reasoning is expressed by inference rules closely related to the "natural" way of reasoning. [ 1] This contrasts with Hilbert-style systems, which instead use axioms as much as possible to express the logical laws of deductive reasoning .
Fitch notation, also known as Fitch diagrams (named after Frederic Fitch ), is a notational system for constructing formal proofs used in sentential logics and predicate logics. Fitch-style proofs arrange the sequence of sentences that make up the proof into rows. A unique feature of Fitch notation is that the degree of indentation of each row ...
The concept of proof is formalized in the field of mathematical logic. [ 12] A formal proof is written in a formal language instead of natural language. A formal proof is a sequence of formulas in a formal language, starting with an assumption, and with each subsequent formula a logical consequence of the preceding ones.
In proof theory and mathematical logic, sequent calculus is a family of formal systems sharing a certain style of inference and certain formal properties. The first sequent calculi systems, LK and LJ, were introduced in 1934/1935 by Gerhard Gentzen [1] as a tool for studying natural deduction in first-order logic (in classical and intuitionistic versions, respectively).