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The pre-colonial history of the modern-day Democratic Republic of the Congo encompasses the history of the Congo Basin region up to the establishment of European colonial rule in the era of New Imperialism and particularly the creation of the Congo Free State and its expansion into the interior after 1885. As the modern territorial boundaries ...
The earliest known human settlements in what is now the Democratic Republic of the Congo have been dated back to the Middle Stone Age, approximately 90,000 years ago. The first real states, such as the Kongo, the Lunda, the Luba and Kuba, appeared south of the equatorial forest on the savannah from the 14th century onwards.
The Congo Free State, also known as the Independent State of the Congo ( French: État indépendant du Congo ), was a large state and absolute monarchy in Central Africa from 1885 to 1908. It was privately owned by King Leopold II, the constitutional monarch of the Kingdom of Belgium. In legal terms, the two separate countries were in a ...
Demographer J.P. Sanderson estimates the population in 1885 at around 10–15 million people, [82] and in 2020 proposed three possible scenarios of population decline under Leopold II, suggesting that the most likely scenario is a population decline of 1.5 million people, from 11.5 million people to around 10–10.3 million people during the ...
Kongo Civil War: 1665–1709: Colonization: 1876–1885: Atlantic slave trade: French Congo: 1882–1910: French Equatorial Africa: 1910–1958: Fulbert Youlou: Trois Glorieuses: 1963: 1968 coup d'état: 1968: People's Republic of the Congo: 1970–1992: 1990s: First Civil War: 1993–1994: Second Civil War: 1997–1999: 2002 constitutional ...
The Belgian Congo ( French: Congo belge, pronounced [kɔ̃ɡo bɛlʒ]; Dutch: Belgisch-Congo [a]) was a Belgian colony in Central Africa from 1908 until independence in 1960 and became the Republic of the Congo (Léopoldville). The former colony adopted its present name, the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), in 1964.
The Democratic Republic of the Congo ( DRC ), [ b] also known as the DR Congo, Congo-Kinshasa, Congo-Zaire, or simply either Congo or the Congo, is a country in Central Africa. By land area, the DRC is the second-largest country in Africa and the 11th-largest in the world. With a population of around 105 million, the Democratic Republic of the ...
Congo–Arab War (1892–1894) Congo Free State: Slave traders: Victory. Swahili-Arab power in Congo shattered; Batetela Rebellion (1895–1908) Congo Free State: Tetela rebels Victory. Mahdist War (1896–1899) United Kingdom Congo Free State Ethiopia Italy: Mahdist Sudan: Victory. Congo secures the Lado Enclave