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In terms of shape, Europe is a collection of connected peninsulas and nearby islands. The two largest peninsulas are Europe itself and Scandinavia to the north, divided from each other by the Baltic Sea. Three smaller peninsulas— Iberia, Italy, and the Balkans —emerge from the southern margin of the mainland.
Malta was considered an island of North Africa for centuries, [1] but is now generally considered a part of Southern Europe. [2] The exact placement of the Caucasus has also varied since classical antiquity [ 3 ] and is now regarded by many as a distinct region within or partly in Europe. [ 4 ]
Europe is a continent located entirely in the Northern Hemisphere and mostly in the Eastern Hemisphere. It is bordered by the Arctic Ocean to the north, the Atlantic Ocean to the west, the Mediterranean Sea to the south, and Asia to the east. Europe shares the landmass of Eurasia with Asia, and of Afro-Eurasia with both Asia and Africa.
Iceland also has the highest per capita publication of books and magazines, [270] and around 10% of the population will publish a book in their lifetimes. [271] [better source needed] Most books in Iceland are sold between late September to early November. This period is known as Jólabókaflóð, the Christmas Book Flood. [269]
The French Riviera, known in French as the Côte d'Azur ( IPA: [kot dazyʁ]; Provençal: Còsta d'Azur, IPA: [ˈkwɔstɔ daˈzyʀ]; lit. ' Azure Coast' ), is the Mediterranean coastline of the southeast corner of France. There is no official boundary, but it is considered to be the coastal area of the Alpes-Maritimes department, extending from ...
The continental boundaries are considered to be within the very narrow land connections joining the continents. The remaining boundaries concern the association of islands and archipelagos with specific continents, notably: the delineation between Africa, Asia, and Europe in the Mediterranean Sea; the delineation between Asia and Europe in the ...
In this way, Iceland is considered a part of Europe, and Madagascar a part of Africa. Extrapolating the concept to its extreme, some geographers group the Australian continental landmass with other islands in the Pacific Ocean into Oceania, which is usually considered a region rather than a continent. This divides the entire land surface of ...
ET. In physical geography, tundra ( / ˈtʌndrə, ˈtʊn -/) is a type of biome where tree growth is hindered by frigid temperatures and short growing seasons. The term is a Russian word adapted from Sámi languages. [2] There are three regions and associated types of tundra: Arctic tundra, [3] alpine tundra, [3] and Antarctic tundra.