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25,000,000 – 50,000,000 (estimated) The Black Death was a bubonic plague pandemic occurring in Europe from 1346 to 1353. It was one of the most fatal pandemics in human history; as many as 50 million people [ 2] perished, perhaps 50% of Europe's 14th century population. [ 3] The disease is caused by the bacterium Yersinia pestis and spread by ...
Since there is no universal agreement on Europe's regional composition, the placement of individual countries may vary based on criteria being used. For instance, the Balkans is a distinct geographical region within Europe, but individual countries may alternatively be grouped into South-eastern Europe or Southern Europe.
Burial of 775 identified Bosniaks in 2010. The Srebrenica-Potočari memorial, and the cemetery for the victims of the genocide. The Srebrenica massacre, [ a] also known as the Srebrenica genocide, [ b][ 8] was the July 1995 genocidal killing [ 9] of more than 8,000 [ 10] Bosniak Muslim men and boys in and around the town of Srebrenica during ...
t. e. In classical antiquity, the Hellenistic period covers the time in Mediterranean history after Classical Greece, between the death of Alexander the Great in 323 BC and the death of Cleopatra in 30 BC, [ 1] which was followed by the ascendancy of the Roman Empire, as signified by the Battle of Actium in 31 BC and the Roman conquest of ...
The history of Europe is traditionally divided into four time periods: prehistoric Europe (prior to about 800 BC), classical antiquity (800 BC to AD 500), the Middle Ages (AD 500–1500), and the modern era (since AD 1500). The first early European modern humans appear in the fossil record about 48,000 years ago, during the Paleolithic era.
Austria was never part of the Warsaw Pact. During the Cold War, the Iron Curtain was a political metaphor used to describe the political and later physical boundary dividing Europe into two separate areas from the end of World War II in 1945 until the end of the Cold War in 1991.
Kievan Rus', [ a][ b] also known as Kyivan Rus ', [ c][ 7][ 8] was the first East Slavic state and later an amalgam of principalities [ 9] in Eastern Europe from the late 9th to the mid-13th century. [ 10][ 11] Encompassing a variety of polities and peoples, including East Slavic, Norse, [ 12][ 13] and Finnic, it was ruled by the Rurik dynasty ...
The Thirty Years' War, [ j] from 1618 to 1648, was one of the most destructive conflicts in European history. Fought primarily in Central Europe, an estimated 4.5 to 8 million soldiers and civilians died from the effects of battle, famine, or disease, while parts of Germany reported population declines of over 50%. [ 19]