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The Jupiter radius or Jovian radius ( RJ or RJup) has a value of 71,492 km (44,423 mi), or 11.2 Earth radii ( Rđ¨) [2] (one Earth radius equals 0.08921 RJ ). The Jupiter radius is a unit of length used in astronomy to describe the radii of gas giants and some exoplanets. It is also used in describing brown dwarfs .
The rotation of Jupiter's polar atmosphere is about 5 minutes longer than that of the equatorial atmosphere. [139] The planet is an oblate spheroid, meaning that the diameter across its equator is longer than the diameter measured between its poles. [88] On Jupiter, the equatorial diameter is 9,276 km (5,764 mi) longer than the polar diameter. [2]
The atmosphere of Jupiter is the largest planetary atmosphere in the Solar System. It is mostly made of molecular hydrogen and helium in roughly solar proportions; other chemical compounds are present only in small amounts and include methane, ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, and water. Although water is thought to reside deep in the atmosphere, its ...
Solar radius is a unit of distance used to express the size of stars in astronomy relative to the Sun. The solar radius is usually defined as the radius to the layer in the Sun 's photosphere where the optical depth equals 2/3: [ 1] 695,700 kilometres (432,300 miles) is approximately 10 times the average radius of Jupiter, 109 times the radius ...
Earth radius (denoted as R đ¨ or R E) is the distance from the center of Earth to a point on or near its surface. Approximating the figure of Earth by an Earth spheroid (an oblate ellipsoid), the radius ranges from a maximum (equatorial radius, denoted a) of nearly 6,378 km (3,963 mi) to a minimum (polar radius, denoted b) of nearly 6,357 km (3,950 mi).
The magnetosphere of Jupiter is the cavity created in the solar wind by Jupiter's magnetic field.Extending up to seven million kilometers in the Sun's direction and almost to the orbit of Saturn in the opposite direction, Jupiter's magnetosphere is the largest and most powerful of any planetary magnetosphere in the Solar System, and by volume the largest known continuous structure in the Solar ...
The prime meridian is the centre of the near side of the Moon. A planetary coordinate system (also referred to as planetographic, planetodetic, or planetocentric) [ 1][ 2] is a generalization of the geographic, geodetic, and the geocentric coordinate systems for planets other than Earth. Similar coordinate systems are defined for other solid ...
Jupiter's ring system was the third to be discovered, when it was first observed by the Voyager 1 probe in 1979, [10] and was observed more thoroughly by the Galileo orbiter in the 1990s. [11] Its four main parts are a faint thick torus known as the "halo"; a thin, relatively bright main ring; and two wide, faint "gossamer rings". [ 12 ]