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Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA. The Harvard Laboratory for Computer Graphics and Spatial Analysis (1965 to 1991) pioneered early cartographic and architectural computer applications that led to integrated geographic information systems (GIS). [1] Some of the Laboratory's influential programs included SYMAP, SYMVU, GRID, CALFORM, and POLYVRT.
Computer cartography (also called digital cartography) is the art, science, and technology of making and using maps with a computer. [1] [2] [3] This technology represents a paradigm shift in how maps are produced, but is still fundamentally a subset of traditional cartography. [3] [4] The primary function of this technology is to produce maps ...
Systems Tool Kit (formerly Satellite Tool Kit ), often referred to by its initials STK, is a multi-physics software application from Analytical Graphics, Inc. (an Ansys company) that enables engineers and scientists to perform complex analyses of ground, sea, air, and space platforms, and to share results in one integrated environment. [1]
Brian A McClendon (born 1964) is an American software executive, engineer, and inventor. [1] He was a co-founder and angel investor in Keyhole, Inc., a geospatial data visualization company that was purchased by Google in 2004 [2] [3] to produce Google Earth. Keyhole itself was spun off from another company called Intrinsic Graphics, of which ...
Google Earth is a computer program that renders a 3D representation of Earth based primarily on satellite imagery. The program maps the Earth by superimposing satellite images, aerial photography, and GIS data onto a 3D globe, allowing users to see cities and landscapes from various angles. Users can explore the globe by entering addresses and ...
A GIS software program is a computer program to support the use of a geographic information system, providing the ability to create, store, manage, query, analyze, and visualize geographic data, that is, data representing phenomena for which location is important. [1] [2] [3] The GIS software industry encompasses a broad range of commercial and ...
Google Map Maker. Google Map Maker was a map editing service launched by Google in June 2008. [2] In geographies where it is hard to find providers of good map data, user contributions were used to increase map quality. Changes to Google Map Maker were intended to appear on Google Maps only after sufficient review by Google moderators.
Geographic information system (GIS) is a commonly used tool for environmental management, modelling and planning. As simply defined by Michael Goodchild, GIS is as "a computer system for handling geographic information in a digital form". In recent years it has played an integral role in participatory, collaborative and open data philosophies.