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The common cold or the cold is a viral infectious disease of the upper respiratory tract that primarily affects the respiratory mucosa of the nose, throat, sinuses, and larynx. [6] [8] Signs and symptoms may appear in as little as two days after exposure to the virus. [6] These may include coughing, sore throat, runny nose, sneezing, headache ...
Whooping cough ( / ˈhuːpɪŋ / ), also known as pertussis or the 100-day cough, is a highly contagious, vaccine-preventable bacterial disease. [1] [10] Initial symptoms are usually similar to those of the common cold with a runny nose, fever, and mild cough, but these are followed by two or three months of severe coughing fits. [1] Following ...
An upper respiratory tract infection ( URTI) is an illness caused by an acute infection, which involves the upper respiratory tract, including the nose, sinuses, pharynx, larynx or trachea. [3] [4] This commonly includes nasal obstruction, sore throat, tonsillitis, pharyngitis, laryngitis, sinusitis, otitis media, and the common cold.
Scarlet fever, also known as scarlatina, is an infectious disease caused by Streptococcus pyogenes, a Group A streptococcus (GAS). [3] It most commonly affects children between five and 15 years of age. [1] The signs and symptoms include a sore throat, fever, headache, swollen lymph nodes, and a characteristic rash. [1]
Rhinovirus is the most common viral infectious agent in humans and is the predominant cause of the common cold. The three species of rhinovirus (A, B, and C) include at least 165 recognized types that differ according to their surface antigens or genetics. They are among the smallest viruses, with diameters of about 30 nanometers.
Coeliac disease ( British English) or celiac disease ( American English) is a long-term autoimmune disorder, primarily affecting the small intestine, where individuals develop intolerance to gluten, present in foods such as wheat, rye and barley. [10] Classic symptoms include gastrointestinal problems such as chronic diarrhoea, abdominal ...
Sunviridae. Xinmoviridae. Human parainfluenza viruses ( HPIVs) are the viruses that cause human parainfluenza. HPIVs are a paraphyletic group of four distinct single-stranded RNA viruses belonging to the Paramyxoviridae family. These viruses are closely associated with both human and veterinary disease. [2]
Respiratory syncytial virus ( RSV ), [a] also called human respiratory syncytial virus ( hRSV) and human orthopneumovirus, is a contagious virus that causes infections of the respiratory tract. It is a negative-sense, single-stranded RNA virus. [2] Its name is derived from the large cells known as syncytia that form when infected cells fuse.