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Geographic coordinate conversion has applications in cartography, surveying, navigation and geographic information systems . In geodesy, geographic coordinate conversion is defined as translation among different coordinate formats or map projections all referenced to the same geodetic datum. [ 1] A geographic coordinate transformation is a ...
GPX, or GPS Exchange Format, is an XML schema designed as a common GPS data format for software applications. It can be used to describe waypoints, tracks, and routes. It is an open format [2] and can be used without the need to pay license fees. Location data (and optionally elevation, time, and other information) is stored in tags and can be ...
The stereographic projection, also known as the planisphere projection or the azimuthal conformal projection, is a conformal map projection whose use dates back to antiquity. Like the orthographic projection and gnomonic projection, the stereographic projection is an azimuthal projection, and when on a sphere, also a perspective projection .
A geographic information system ( GIS) consists of integrated computer hardware and software that store, manage, analyze, edit, output, and visualize geographic data. [ 1][ 2] Much of this often happens within a spatial database; however, this is not essential to meet the definition of a GIS. [ 1] In a broader sense, one may consider such a ...
Keyhole Markup Language ( KML) is an XML notation for expressing geographic annotation and visualization within two-dimensional maps and three-dimensional Earth browsers. KML was developed for use with Google Earth, which was originally named Keyhole Earth Viewer. It was created by Keyhole, Inc, which was acquired by Google in 2004.
Well-known text representation of coordinate reference systems ( WKT or WKT-CRS) is a text markup language for representing spatial reference systems and transformations between spatial reference systems. The formats were originally defined by the Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) and described in their Simple Feature Access [1] and Well-known ...
The generic meaning of the six parameters in a world file (as defined by Esri [ 1]) is: Line 1: A: pixel size in the x -direction in map units/pixel. Line 2: D: rotation about y -axis. Line 3: B: rotation about x -axis. Line 4: E: pixel size in the y -direction in map units, almost always negative [ b]
The World Geographic Reference System ( GEOREF) is a geocode, a grid-based method of specifying locations on the surface of the Earth. GEOREF is essentially based on the geographic system of latitude and longitude, but using a simpler and more flexible notation. GEOREF was used primarily in aeronautical charts for air navigation, [1 ...