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Soil is a variable mixture of broken and weathered minerals and decaying organic matter. Together with the proper amounts of air and water, it supplies, in part, sustenance for plants as well as mechanical support. The diversity and abundance of soil life exceeds that of any other ecosystem. Plant establishment, competitiveness, and growth is ...
Whiter soil tends to have a higher albedo than blacker soil cover, which encourages whiter soils to have lower soil temperatures. [85] The specific heat of soil is the energy required to raise the temperature of soil by 1 °C. The specific heat of soil increases as water content increases, since the heat capacity of water is greater than that ...
The biological soil crust is an integral part of many arid and semi-arid ecosystems as an essential contributor to conditions such as dust control, water acquisition, and contributors of soil nutrients. Biocrust is poikilohydric and does not have the ability to maintain or regulate its own water retention. [ 12]
Evapotranspiration ( ET) refers to the combined processes which move water from the Earth's surface (open water and ice surfaces, bare soil and vegetation) into the atmosphere. [ 2]: 2908 It covers both water evaporation (movement of water to the air directly from soil, canopies, and water bodies) and transpiration (evaporation that occurs ...
The amount of water already in the soil; Soil temperature. Warm soils take in water faster while frozen soils such as permafrost may not be able to absorb depending on the type of freezing. [37] Water infiltration rates range from 0.25 cm per hour for high clay soils to 2.5 cm per hour for sand and well stabilized and aggregated soil structures ...
Ecophysiology (from Greek οἶκος, oikos, "house(hold)"; φύσις, physis, "nature, origin"; and -λογία, -logia), environmental physiology or physiological ecology is a biological discipline that studies the response of an organism's physiology to environmental conditions.
Conceptual model describing the mechanisms of water flow attenuation within a beaver wetland with an unconfined floodplain. Ecohydrology (from Greek οἶκος, oikos, "house (hold)"; ὕδωρ, hydōr, "water"; and -λογία, -logia) is an interdisciplinary scientific field studying the interactions between water and ecological systems.
Soil biology is the study of microbial and faunal activity in the soil. This photo shows the activity of both. Soil biologyis the study of microbialand faunalactivity and ecologyin soil. Soil life, soil biota, soil fauna, or edaphonis a collective term that encompasses all organismsthat spend a significant portion of their life cyclewithin a ...