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2–3 per year (adults) 6–8 per year (children) [13] The common cold or the cold is a viral infectious disease of the upper respiratory tract that primarily affects the respiratory mucosa of the nose, throat, sinuses, and larynx. [6][8] Signs and symptoms may appear in as little as two days after exposure to the virus. [6]
Rhinovirus is the most common viral infectious agent in humans and is the predominant cause of the common cold. The three species of rhinovirus (A, B, and C) include at least 165 recognized types that differ according to their surface antigens or genetics. [1] They are among the smallest viruses, with diameters of about 30 nanometers.
See also Comparison of computer viruses. This is an alphabetical list of biological virus families and subfamilies; it includes those families and subfamilies listed by the ICTV 2020 report. [1] For a list of individual species, see List of virus species. For a list of virus genera, see List of virus genera.
Virus classification. Virus classification is the process of naming viruses and placing them into a taxonomic system similar to the classification systems used for cellular organisms. Viruses are classified by phenotypic characteristics, such as morphology, nucleic acid type, mode of replication, host organisms, and the type of disease they cause.
This is a list of all virus species, including satellites and viroids. Excluded are other ranks, and other non-cellular life such as prions. Also excluded are common names and obsolete names for viruses. The taxonomy is taken from ICTV taxonomy 2022 release [1] For a list of virus families and subfamilies, see List of virus families and ...
Viral disease. A viral disease (or viral infection) occurs when an organism's body is invaded by pathogenic viruses, and infectious virus particles (virions) attach to and enter susceptible cells. [1] Examples are the common cold, gastroenteritis and pneumonia. [2]
Although the common cold is usually caused by rhinoviruses, [94] in about 15% of cases the cause is a coronavirus. [95] The human coronaviruses HCoV-OC43, HCoV-HKU1, HCoV-229E, and HCoV-NL63 continually circulate in the human population in adults and children worldwide and produce the generally mild symptoms of the common cold. [88]
Human coronavirus OC43[1] (HCoV-OC43) is a member of the species Betacoronavirus 1, which infects humans and cattle. [2][3] The infecting coronavirus is an enveloped, positive-sense, single-stranded RNA virus that enters its host cell by binding to the N-acetyl-9-O-acetylneuraminic acid receptor. [4] OC43 is one of seven coronaviruses known to ...