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NATO has its roots in the Atlantic Charter, a 1941 agreement between the United States and United Kingdom. The Charter laid out a framework for international cooperation without territorial expansion after World War II. [ 3 ] The Treaty of Brussels was a mutual defense treaty against the Soviet threat at the start of the Cold War.
Founding members and enlargement. NATO was established on 4 April 1949 via the signing of the North Atlantic Treaty (Washington Treaty). The 12 founding members of the Alliance were: Belgium, Canada, Denmark, France, Iceland, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, the United Kingdom, and the United States. [ 4]
The North Atlantic Treaty Organization ( NATO / ˈneɪtoʊ / NAY-toh; French: Organisation du traité de l'Atlantique nord, OTAN ), also called the North Atlantic Alliance, is an intergovernmental military alliance of 32 member states —30 European and 2 North American. Established in the aftermath of World War II, the organization implements ...
Article 5 has been invoked only once in NATO history, after the September 11 attacks on the United States in 2001. [ 49 ] [ 50 ] The invocation was confirmed on 4 October 2001, when NATO determined that the attacks were indeed eligible under the terms of the North Atlantic Treaty. [ 51 ]
Enlargement of NATO. Chronology of membership of the European portion of NATO. NATO is a military alliance of thirty-two European and North American countries that constitutes a system of collective defense. The process of joining the alliance is governed by Article 10 of the North Atlantic Treaty, which allows for the invitation of "other ...
Structure of NATO. The Structure of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization is complex and multi-faceted. [ 1] The decision-making body is the North Atlantic Council (NAC), and the member state representatives also sit on the Defence Policy and Planning Committee (DPPC) and the Nuclear Planning Group (NPG). [ 2][ 3] Below that the Secretary ...
This is a list of heritage NATO country codes. Up to and including the seventh edition of STANAG 1059, these were two-letter codes (digrams). The eighth edition, promulgated 19 February 2004, and effective 1 April 2004, replaced all codes with new ones based on the ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 codes. Additional codes cover gaps in the ISO coverage, deal ...
List of NATO operations. Although the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) existed as an alliance and conducted joint military exercises throughout the Cold War period, it engaged in no military operations during this time. All of its military operations occurred in the post-Cold War era. The first of these was in Bosnia, where NATO ...