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The Alps have been crossed for war and commerce, and by pilgrims, students and tourists. Crossing routes by road, train, or foot are known as passes, and usually consist of depressions in the mountains in which a valley leads from the plains and hilly pre-mountainous zones. [24]
Geography of the Alps. The Alps seen from space. The Alps form a large mountain range dominating Central Europe, including parts of Italy, France, Switzerland, Liechtenstein, Austria, Slovenia, Germany and Hungary . DEM-based shaded relief /hypsometric image of the Alps with the borders of the countries.
The following are the main paved road passes across the Alps. Main indicates on the main chain of the Alps, from south west to east.Passes on subsidiary ranges are listed where the ridge leaves the main chain – N/W indicates north or west of the main chain, S/E on the south or east side.
The Swiss Alps comprise almost all the highest mountains of the Alps, such as Dufourspitze (4,634 m), the Dom (4,545 m), the Liskamm (4,527 m), the Weisshorn (4,506 m) and the Matterhorn (4,478 m). The other following major summits can be found in this list of mountains of Switzerland . Since the Middle Ages, transit across the Alps played an ...
Mont Blanc Tunnel (road tunnel through the highest mountain in the Alps) Simplon Tunnel (railway tunnel) Tenda Tunnels (road and railway) Col de Tende Road Tunnel (one of the oldest long road tunnels, 3.2 km) Buco di Viso (mule track, oldest tunnel in the Alps) Fréjus Road Tunnel and the much older Fréjus Railway Tunnel.
The Alps form part of a Cenozoic orogenic belt of mountain chains, called the Alpide belt, that stretches through southern Europe and Asia from the Atlantic all the way to the Himalayas. This belt of mountain chains was formed during the Alpine orogeny. A gap in these mountain chains in central Europe separates the Alps from the Carpathians to ...
Route Napoléon. The Route Napoléon is the route taken by Napoleon I in 1815 on his return from Elba. It is now concurrent with sections of routes N85, D1085, D4085, and D6085. The route begins at Golfe-Juan, where Napoleon disembarked on March 1, 1815, beginning the Hundred Days that ended at Waterloo. The road was inaugurated in 1932 and ...
The Grossglockner High Alpine Road (in German Großglockner Hochalpenstraße) is the highest surfaced mountain pass road in Austria. It connects Bruck in the state of Salzburg with Heiligenblut in Carinthia via Fuscher Törl at 2,428 m (7,966 ft) and Hochtor Pass at 2,504 m (8,215 ft). [1] The road is named after the Grossglockner, Austria's ...