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According to the DSM-5-TR (2022), in order to receive a diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder, one must present with "persistent deficits in social communication and social interaction" and "restricted, repetitive patterns of behavior, interests, or activities." [3] These behaviors must begin in early childhood and affect one's ability to ...
The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition ( DSM-5 ), is the 2013 update to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, the taxonomic and diagnostic tool published by the American Psychiatric Association (APA). In 2022, a revised version (DSM-5-TR) was published. [1]
The DSM-5 and ICD-11 use different categorization tools to define this spectrum. DSM-5 uses a "level" system, which ranks how in need of support the patient is, [32] while the ICD-11 system has two axes, intellectual impairment and language impairment, [33] as these are seen as the most crucial factors.
The Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule ( ADOS) is a standardized diagnostic test for assessing autism spectrum disorder. The protocol consists of a series of structured and semi-structured tasks that involve social interaction between the examiner and the person under assessment. The examiner observes and identifies aspects of the subject's ...
[36] [37] In the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), published in May 2013, [38] Asperger syndrome, as a separate diagnosis, was eliminated and folded into autism spectrum disorder. [39] Like the diagnosis of Asperger syndrome, [40] the change was controversial.
It took 18 months for them to receive a formal diagnosis for their son: pervasive developmental disorder, a condition that is now included as part of autism spectrum disorder. "I had a very ...
Antipsychotics, antidepressants, stimulants (associated symptoms) [8] [9] [10] High-functioning autism ( HFA) was historically an autism classification where a person exhibits no intellectual disability, but may experience difficulty in communication, emotion recognition, expression, and social interaction. [11] [12] [13]
History of autism. The history of autism spans over a century; [ 1] autism has been subject to varying treatments, being pathologized or being viewed as a beneficial part of human neurodiversity. [ 2] The understanding of autism has been shaped by cultural, scientific, and societal factors, and its perception and treatment change over time as ...