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Sunni Islam ( / ˈsuːni, ˈsʊni /) is the largest branch of Islam, followed by 85–90% of the world's Muslims, and simultaneously the largest religious denomination in the world. Its name comes from the word Sunnah, referring to the tradition of Muhammad. [ 1][ 2] The differences between Sunni and Shia Muslims arose from a disagreement over ...
The Five Pillars of Islam ( Arabic: أركان الإسلام) is the term given to the five duties incumbent on every Muslim, and are held by both Sunni and Shia. These duties are Shahada (profession of faith), Salat (prayers), Zakāt (giving of alms), Sawm (fasting, specifically during Ramadan) and Hajj (pilgrimage to Mecca ).
A caliph is the supreme religious and political leader of an Islamic state known as the caliphate. [1] [2] Caliphs led the Muslim Ummah as political successors to the Islamic prophet Muhammad Sallallahu 'Alaihi Wa Salam, [3] and widely-recognised caliphates have existed in various forms for most of Islamic history.
The Muslim Brotherhood is not concerned with theological differences, accepting both, Muslims of any of the four Sunni schools of thought, and Shi'a Muslims. It is the world's oldest and largest Islamist group. Its aims are to re-establish the Caliphate and in the meantime, push for more Islamisation of society.
One thesis is that the conquest of Syria and Egypt, dominantly inhabited by Sunni Muslims, from the Mamluks in the early 16th century led to the adoption of Sunni Islam. According to this thesis, Sunni Islam helped the Ottoman state legitimize its rule over Muslims and the Ottoman sultans to acquire a more universal title, the caliph or, in ...
South Asia has the largest population of Muslims in the world, with about one-third of all Muslims being from South Asia. [21] [22] [23] Islam is the dominant religion in the Maldives, Afghanistan, Pakistan, and Bangladesh. India is the country with the largest Muslim population outside Muslim-majority countries with more than 200 million ...
Sunni Revival. The Sunni Revival was a period in Islamic history marked by the revival of the political fortunes of Sunni Islam, a renewed interest in Sunni law and theology and the spread of new styles in art and architecture. Conventionally, the revival lasted from 1055 until 1258. [1]
These led to antipathy between the Islamic Republic of Iran and the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, who mobilized supporters against the other, between Sunni Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq (president of Pakistan, the country with the second largest Muslim population in the world and neighbor to Iran) and Shia Iranian supreme leader Ruhollah Khomeini, growth of ...