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Islam in India. Muslim period in the Indian subcontinent is conventionally said to have started in 712, after the conquest of Sindh and Multan by the Umayyad Caliphate under the military command of Muhammad ibn al-Qasim. [ 1] It began in the Indian subcontinent in the course of a gradual conquest.
The Muslim conquests in the Indian subcontinent mainly took place between the 13th and the 18th centuries. Earlier Muslim conquests in the subcontinent include the invasions which started in the northwestern subcontinent (modern-day Pakistan ), especially the Umayyad campaigns during the 8th century.
Islam is India's second-largest religion, [7] with 14.2% of the country's population, or approximately 172.2 million people, identifying as adherents of Islam in a 2011 census. [8] India also has the third-largest number of Muslims in the world. [9] [10] The majority of India's Muslims are Sunni, with Shia making up around 15% of the Muslim ...
Islam. Islam is the second-largest religion in South Asia, with more than 650 million Muslims living there, forming about one-third of the region's population. Islam first spread along the coastal regions of the Indian subcontinent and Sri Lanka, almost as soon as it started in the Arabian Peninsula, as the Arab traders brought it to South Asia.
e. Shia Islam was brought to the Indian subcontinent during the final years of the Rashidun Caliphate. The Indian subcontinent also served as a refuge for some Shias escaping persecution from Umayyads, Abbasids, Ayyubids, and Ottomans. The immigration continued throughout the second millennium until the formation of modern nation states.
The Muslim League idea of a Muslim Nationalism encompassing all the Muslims of the Indian subcontinent seemed to lose out to ethnic nationalism in 1971, when East Pakistan, a Bengali dominated province, fought for their independence from Pakistan, and became the independent country of Bangladesh.
Hinduism, also called sanatana dharma (eternal dharma), is an Indian religion and a way of life primarily practiced in the Indian subcontinent. [ 32] Hinduism is an umbrella-term for the fusion of several Indian religions and traditions. Hinduism does not have a founder or a site-of-origin.
The Umayyad Dynasty came to rule the Caliphate in 661 CE, and during the first half of the 8th century CE, a series of battles took place in the Indian subcontinent between armies of the Umayyad Caliphate and Indian kingdoms situated to the east of the Indus river, [3] subsequent to the Arab conquest of Sindh (present day Pakistan) during 711 – 713 CE.