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The festival of Natalis Invicti, held on 25 December, was a general festival of the Sun, and by no means specific to the Mysteries of Mithras." [44] Mithraic initiates were required to swear an oath of secrecy and dedication. [45] Mithras was thought to be a "warrior hero" similar to Greek heroes. [46]
The festival of natalis Invicti [Birth of the Unconquerable (Sun)], held on 25 December, was a general festival of the Sun, and by no means specific to the Mysteries of Mithras.". [30] Steven Hijmans has discussed in detail whether the general natalis Invicti festival was related to Christmas but does not give Mithras as a possible source.
Sol Invictus ( Classical Latin: [ˈsoːɫ ɪnˈwɪktʊs], "Invincible Sun" or "Unconquered Sun") was the official sun god of the late Roman Empire and a later version of the god Sol. The emperor Aurelian revived his cult in AD 274 and promoted Sol Invictus as the chief god of the empire. [ 1][ 2] From Aurelian onward, Sol Invictus often ...
Christmas. Christmas is an annual festival commemorating the birth of Jesus Christ, observed primarily on December 25 [ a] as a religious and cultural celebration among billions of people around the world. A feast central to the liturgical year in Christianity, it follows the season of Advent (which begins four Sundays before) or the Nativity ...
e. Mithra ( Avestan: 𐬨𐬌𐬚𐬭𐬀 Miθra, Old Persian: 𐎷𐎰𐎼 Miθra) is an ancient Iranian deity of covenants, light, oaths, justice, the Sun, [ 1] contracts, and friendship. [ 2] In addition to being the divinity of contracts, Mithra is also a judicial figure, an all-seeing protector of Truth ( Asha ), and the guardian of cattle ...
Sol is the personification of the Sun and a god in ancient Roman religion. It was long thought that Rome actually had two different, consecutive sun gods: The first, Sol Indiges ( Latin: the deified sun ), was thought to have been unimportant, disappearing altogether at an early period. Only in the late Roman Empire, scholars argued, did the ...
The Mithraic temple is located in the southwestern region of Tienen, on the edge of the town's border. [2] Beside the mithraeum is a pebble road that leads to the center of Tienen as well as a discovered tumulus, built a century before the temple. [1] Along the same path, a bronze plaque declaring the cult's devotion to Mithras was found.
The Bible never states when Jesus was born, [161] [162] [163] but, by late antiquity, Christians had begun celebrating his birth on 25 December. [162] In 274 AD, the Roman emperor Aurelian had declared 25 December the birthdate of Sol Invictus, a sun god of Syrian origin whose cult had been vigorously promoted by the earlier emperor Elagabalus.