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The rule of law is a political ideal that all citizens and institutions within a country, state, or community are accountable to the same laws, including lawmakers and leaders. [2] [3] It is sometimes stated simply as "no one is above the law". [4] The term rule of law is closely related to constitutionalism as well as Rechtsstaat.
Rule of Law Index. The World Justice Project ( WJP) is an international civil society organization with the stated mission of "working to advance the rule of law around the world". [ 1] It produces the World Justice Project Rule of Law Index, a quantitative assessment tool that shows the extent to which countries adhere to the rule of law in ...
The concept in its Danish variant (Retsstat), as illustrated in Justice Party propaganda, 1939Rechtsstaat (German: [ˈʁɛçt͡sˌʃtaːt] ⓘ; lit. "state of law"; "legal state") is a doctrine in continental European legal thinking, originating in German jurisprudence.
Cartoon by James Gillray satirizing Sir Francis Buller, 1782: "Judge Thumb; or, Patent Sticks for Family Correction: Warranted Lawful!". A modern folk etymology [13] relates the phrase to domestic violence via an alleged rule under English common law which permitted wife-beating provided that the implement used was a rod or stick no thicker than a man's thumb. [6]
Liberalism. Equality before the law, also known as equality under the law, equality in the eyes of the law, legal equality, or legal egalitarianism, is the principle that all people must be equally protected by the law. [1] The principle requires a systematic rule of law that observes due process to provide equal justice, and requires equal ...
Civil law countries, the most prevalent system in the world, are in shades of blue. Common law (also known as judicial precedent, judge-made law, or case law) is the body of law created by judges and similar quasi-judicial tribunals by virtue of being stated in written opinions. [ 2][ 3][ 4] The defining characteristic of common law is that it ...
Legal positivism is a modern intellectual tradition in the philosophy of law and jurisprudence that holds that law is a set of rules created by human beings who prescribe certain procedures for its enactment. This contrasts with natural law theory, which has ancient roots and holds that inherent moral principles provide a basis for the law, and ...
State of exception. A state of exception ( German: Ausnahmezustand) is a concept introduced in the 1920s by the German philosopher and jurist Carl Schmitt, similar to a state of emergency ( martial law) but based in the sovereign 's ability to transcend the rule of law in the name of the public good .