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0.8–1.5% (2019, using DSM-IV-TR and ICD-10) [ 2] Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder ( ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterised by executive dysfunction occasioning symptoms of inattention, hyperactivity, impulsivity and emotional dysregulation that are excessive and pervasive, impairing in multiple contexts, and ...
According to the DSM-5-TR (2022), in order to receive a diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder, one must present with "persistent deficits in social communication and social interaction" and "restricted, repetitive patterns of behavior, interests, or activities." [3] These behaviors must begin in early childhood and affect one's ability to ...
This new insight on ADHD is further reflected in the DSM-5, which lists ADHD as a “lifespan neurodevelopmental condition,” and has distinct requirements for children and adults. Per DSM-5 criteria, children must display “six or more symptoms in either the inattentive or hyperactive-impulsive domain, or both,” for the diagnosis of ADHD. [3]
Oppositional defiant disorder ( ODD) [ 1] is listed in the DSM-5 under Disruptive, impulse-control, and conduct disorders and defined as "a pattern of angry/irritable mood, argumentative/defiant behavior, or vindictiveness". [ 2] This behavior is usually targeted toward peers, parents, teachers, and other authority figures, including law ...
High-functioning autism is characterized by features similar to those of Asperger syndrome. The defining characteristic recognized by psychologists is a significant delay in the development of early speech and language skills, before the age of three years. [12] The diagnostic criteria of Asperger syndrome exclude a general language delay. [14]
Whether it should be seen as distinct from high-functioning autism is a fundamental issue requiring further study, [47] and there are questions about the empirical validation of the DSM-IV and ICD-10 criteria. [31] In 2013, DSM-5 eliminated AS as a separate diagnosis, folding it into the autism spectrum on a severity scale. [39]
In 1980, the DSM-III introduced the term "ADD (Attention-Deficit Disorder) with or without hyperactivity." That terminology (ADD) technically expired with the revision in 1987 to ADHD in the DSM-III-R. In the DSM-IV, published in 1994, ADHD with sub-types was presented. The DSM-IV-TR was released in 2000, primarily to correct factual errors and ...
assess autism in children, adolescents, and adults. The Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule ( ADOS) is a standardized diagnostic test for assessing autism spectrum disorder. The protocol consists of a series of structured and semi-structured tasks that involve social interaction between the examiner and the person under assessment.