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Barbiturate. Barbituric acid, the parent structure of all barbiturates. Barbiturates[ a] are a class of depressant drugs that are chemically derived from barbituric acid. [ 2] They are effective when used medically as anxiolytics, hypnotics, and anticonvulsants, but have physical and psychological addiction potential as well as overdose ...
Phenobarbital, also known as phenobarbitone or phenobarb, sold under the brand name Luminal among others, is a medication of the barbiturate type. [ 6] It is recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) for the treatment of certain types of epilepsy in developing countries. [ 8]
This is a list of psychiatric medications used by psychiatrists and other physicians to treat mental illness or distress. The list is ordered alphabetically according to the condition or conditions, then by the generic name of each medication. The list is not exhaustive and not all drugs are used regularly in all countries.
Aponal, Quitaxon, Sinequan ( doxepin) – a tricyclic antidepressant used to treat nerve pain, insomnia; similar to imipramine. Anquil ( benperidol) – an antipsychotic primarily used to control antisocial hypersexual behaviour. Aricept ( donepezil) – used to slow the progression of Alzheimer's disease. Ativan ( lorazepam) – a ...
Barbituric acid or malonylurea or 6-hydroxyuracil is an organic compound based on a pyrimidine heterocyclic skeleton. It is an odorless powder soluble in water. Barbituric acid is the parent compound of barbiturate drugs, although barbituric acid itself is not pharmacologically active. The compound was first synthesised by Adolf von Baeyer .
Barbiturates are sometimes used recreationally; they cause dependence and severe withdrawal, and they have a high risk of fatal overdose due to respiratory depression. By the late 1950s, concerns over the mounting social costs associated with barbiturates prompted a concerted effort to find alternative medications.
Barbiturate overdose may occur by accident or purposefully in an attempt to cause death. [3] The toxic effects are additive to those of alcohol and benzodiazepines. [3] The lethal dose varies with a person's tolerance and how the drug is taken. [3] The effects of barbiturates occur via the GABA neurotransmitter. [2]
The tables below contain a sample list of benzodiazepines and benzodiazepine analogs that are commonly prescribed, with their basic pharmacological characteristics, such as half-life and equivalent doses to other benzodiazepines, also listed, along with their trade names and primary uses. The elimination half-life is how long it takes for half ...