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Traffic congestion. A traffic jam in Istanbul, and an opportunity for two simit vendors to sell food to drivers. Traffic congestion is a condition in transport that is characterized by slower speeds, longer trip times, and increased vehicular queueing. Traffic congestion on urban road networks has increased substantially since the 1950s. [1]
Traffic bottleneck. A traffic bottleneck is a localized disruption of vehicular traffic on a street, road, or highway. As opposed to a traffic jam, a bottleneck is a result of a specific physical condition, often the design of the road, badly timed traffic lights, or sharp curves. They can also be caused by temporary situations, such as ...
Gridlock on a network of two-way streets. The red cars are those causing the gridlock by stopping in the middle of the intersection. Gridlock is a form of traffic congestion where "continuous queues of vehicles block an entire network of intersecting streets, bringing traffic in all directions to a complete standstill". [1]
Three-phase traffic theory. Three-phase traffic theory is a theory of traffic flow developed by Boris Kerner between 1996 and 2002. [1] [2] [3] It focuses mainly on the explanation of the physics of traffic breakdown and resulting congested traffic on highways. Kerner describes three phases of traffic, while the classical theories based on the ...
Traffic flow. In transportation engineering, traffic flow is the study of interactions between travellers (including pedestrians, cyclists, drivers, and their vehicles) and infrastructure (including highways, signage, and traffic control devices), with the aim of understanding and developing an optimal transport network with efficient movement ...
The China National Highway 110 traffic jam was a recurring [1] traffic jam that began to form on 14 August 2010, mostly on China National Highway 110 (G110) and the Beijing–Tibet expressway (G6), in Hebei and Inner Mongolia. [2] [3] The traffic jam slowed thousands of vehicles for more than 100 kilometers (60 mi) and lasted for 12 days.
The word traffic originally meant "trade" (as it still does) and comes from the Old Italian verb trafficare and noun traffico. The origin of the Italian words is unclear. Suggestions include Catalan trafegar "decant", [ 2] an assumed Vulgar Latin verb transfricare 'rub across', [ 3] an assumed Vulgar Latin combination of trans- and facere 'make ...
Traffic waves, also called stop waves, ghost jams, traffic snakes or traffic shocks, are traveling disturbances in the distribution of cars on a highway. Traffic waves travel backwards relative to the cars themselves. [1] Relative to a fixed spot on the road the wave can move with, or against the traffic, or even be stationary (when the wave ...