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Historically, as in Aristotle's biology, the plant kingdom encompassed all living things that were not animals, and included algae and fungi. Definitions have narrowed since then; current definitions exclude the fungi and some of the algae. By the definition used in this article, plants form the clade Viridiplantae (green plants), which consists of the green algae and the embryophytes or land ...
Flowering plants provide a diverse range of materials in the form of wood, paper, fibers such as cotton, flax, and hemp, medicines such as digoxin and opioids, and decorative and landscaping plants. Coffee and hot chocolate are beverages from flowering plants.
Botanists define vascular plants by three primary characteristics: Vascular plants have vascular tissues which distribute resources through the plant. Two kinds of vascular tissue occur in plants: xylem and phloem. Phloem and xylem are closely associated with one another and are typically located immediately adjacent to each other in the plant.
Pinophytina. Conifers are a group of cone-bearing seed plants, a subset of gymnosperms. Scientifically, they make up the division Pinophyta ( / pɪˈnɒfɪtə, ˈpaɪnoʊfaɪtə / ), also known as Coniferophyta ( / ˌkɒnɪfəˈrɒfɪtə, - oʊfaɪtə /) or Coniferae. The division contains a single extant class, Pinopsida.
Plant morphology. Phytomorphology is the study of the physical form and external structure of plants. [1] This is usually considered distinct from plant anatomy, [1] which is the study of the internal structure of plants, especially at the microscopic level. [2] Plant morphology is useful in the visual identification of plants.
The gymnosperms ( / ˈdʒɪmnəˌspɜːrmz, - noʊ -/ ⓘ JIM-nə-spurmz, -noh-; lit.'revealed seeds') are a group of seed-producing plants that includes conifers, cycads, Ginkgo, and gnetophytes, forming the clade Gymnospermae. The term gymnosperm comes from the composite word in Greek: γυμνόσπερμος ( γυμνός, gymnos ...
Plant cells are the cells present in green plants, photosynthetic eukaryotes of the kingdom Plantae. Their distinctive features include primary cell walls containing cellulose, hemicelluloses and pectin, the presence of plastids with the capability to perform photosynthesis and store starch, a large vacuole that regulates turgor pressure, the ...
Synonyms. Palmae. The Arecaceae ( / ærəˈkeɪsiaɪ /) is a family of perennial, flowering plants in the monocot order Arecales. Their growth form can be climbers, shrubs, tree -like and stemless plants, all commonly known as palms.