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Overview. The C++ Standard Library provides several generic containers, functions to use and manipulate these containers, function objects, generic strings and streams (including interactive and file I/O), support for some language features, and functions for common tasks such as finding the square root of a number.
A "source file" can be any file, with a name of any form, but is most commonly named with a ".h" extension and called a "header file" (sometimes ".hpp" or ".hh" to distinguish C++ headers), though files with .c, .cc, and .cpp extensions may also be included (particularly in the single compilation unit technique), and sometimes other extensions ...
C++ Standard Library. The Standard Template Library ( STL) is a software library originally designed by Alexander Stepanov for the C++ programming language that influenced many parts of the C++ Standard Library. It provides four components called algorithms, containers, functions, and iterators. [1]
A notable difference between C++ and Objective-C when making use of these implementation files is the extensions used at the end of the files. In C++ it will be .cpp [14] and in Objective-C it will be .m , [15] but both will use the same .h extension for their header file(s) [16] [17] as shown in the example below.
C++ input/output streams are primarily defined by iostream, a header file that is part of the C++ standard library (the name stands for I nput/ O utput Stream ). In C++ and its predecessor, the C programming language, there is no special syntax for streaming data input or output.
C++ classes. A class in C++ is a user-defined type or data structure declared with any of the keywords class, struct or union (the first two are collectively referred to as non-union classes) that has data and functions (also called member variables and member functions) as its members whose access is governed by the three access specifiers ...
Precompiled header. In computer programming, a precompiled header (PCH) is a ( C or C++) header file that is compiled into an intermediate form that is faster to process for the compiler. Usage of precompiled headers may significantly reduce compilation time, especially when applied to large header files, header files that include many other ...
include guard. In the C and C++ programming languages, an #include guard, sometimes called a macro guard, header guard or file guard, is a particular construct used to avoid the problem of double inclusion when dealing with the include directive. The C preprocessor processes directives of the form #include <file> in a source file by locating ...