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  2. Sublinear function - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sublinear_function

    Every norm, seminorm, and real linear functional is a sublinear function.The identity function on := is an example of a sublinear function (in fact, it is even a linear functional) that is neither positive nor a seminorm; the same is true of this map's negation . [5] More generally, for any real , the map ,: {is a sublinear function on := and moreover, every sublinear function : is of this ...

  3. Total order - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Total_order

    Total order. In mathematics, a total order or linear order is a partial order in which any two elements are comparable. That is, a total order is a binary relation on some set , which satisfies the following for all and in : ( reflexive ). If and then ( transitive ). If and then ( antisymmetric ).

  4. Jordan normal form - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jordan_normal_form

    The lambdas are the eigenvalues of the matrix; they need not be distinct. In linear algebra, a Jordan normal form, also known as a Jordan canonical form, [ 1][ 2] is an upper triangular matrix of a particular form called a Jordan matrix representing a linear operator on a finite-dimensional vector space with respect to some basis.

  5. Linear subspace - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linear_subspace

    In mathematics, and more specifically in linear algebra, a linear subspace or vector subspace[ 1][ note 1] is a vector space that is a subset of some larger vector space. A linear subspace is usually simply called a subspace when the context serves to distinguish it from other types of subspaces.

  6. Normed vector space - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Normed_vector_space

    In mathematics, a normed vector space or normed space is a vector space over the real or complex numbers on which a norm is defined. [ 1] A norm is a generalization of the intuitive notion of "length" in the physical world. If is a vector space over , where is a field equal to or to , then a norm on is a map , typically denoted by , satisfying ...

  7. Matrix norm - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matrix_norm

    Suppose a vector norm ‖ ‖ on and a vector norm ‖ ‖ on are given. Any matrix A induces a linear operator from to with respect to the standard basis, and one defines the corresponding induced norm or operator norm or subordinate norm on the space of all matrices as follows: ‖ ‖, = {‖ ‖: ‖ ‖ =} = {‖ ‖ ‖ ‖:}. where denotes the supremum.

  8. Linearity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linearity

    In mathematics, the term linear is used in two distinct senses for two different properties: . linearity of a function (or mapping);; linearity of a polynomial.; An example of a linear function is the function defined by () = (,) that maps the real line to a line in the Euclidean plane R 2 that passes through the origin.

  9. Norm (mathematics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norm_(mathematics)

    In mathematics, a norm is a function from a real or complex vector space to the non-negative real numbers that behaves in certain ways like the distance from the origin: it commutes with scaling, obeys a form of the triangle inequality, and is zero only at the origin. In particular, the Euclidean distance in a Euclidean space is defined by a ...