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In mathematics, the derivative is a fundamental tool that quantifies the sensitivity of change of a function 's output with respect to its input. The derivative of a function of a single variable at a chosen input value, when it exists, is the slope of the tangent line to the graph of the function at that point.
The derivative of the function at a point is the slope of the line tangent to the curve at the point. Slope of the constant function is zero, because the tangent line to the constant function is horizontal and its angle is zero. In other words, the value of the constant function, y, will not change as the value of x increases or decreases.
In calculus, the quotient rule is a method of finding the derivative of a function that is the ratio of two differentiable functions. [ 1][ 2][ 3] Let , where both f and g are differentiable and The quotient rule states that the derivative of h(x) is. It is provable in many ways by using other derivative rules .
A differentiable function. In mathematics, a differentiable function of one real variable is a function whose derivative exists at each point in its domain. In other words, the graph of a differentiable function has a non- vertical tangent line at each interior point in its domain. A differentiable function is smooth (the function is locally ...
The total derivative is a linear combination of linear functionals and hence is itself a linear functional. The evaluation measures how much points in the direction determined by at , and this direction is the gradient. This point of view makes the total derivative an instance of the exterior derivative . Suppose now that is a vector-valued ...
In calculus, the inverse function rule is a formula that expresses the derivative of the inverse of a bijective and differentiable function f in terms of the derivative of f. More precisely, if the inverse of is denoted as , where if and only if , then the inverse function rule is, in Lagrange's notation , .
Thus the set of functions + + (), where g is any one-argument function, represents the entire set of functions in variables x, y that could have produced the x-partial derivative +. If all the partial derivatives of a function are known (for example, with the gradient ), then the antiderivatives can be matched via the above process to ...
Functional derivative. In the calculus of variations, a field of mathematical analysis, the functional derivative (or variational derivative) [ 1] relates a change in a functional (a functional in this sense is a function that acts on functions) to a change in a function on which the functional depends.