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  2. Riemann hypothesis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Riemann_hypothesis

    Riemann knew that the non-trivial zeros of the zeta function were symmetrically distributed about the line s = 1/2 + it, and he knew that all of its non-trivial zeros must lie in the range 0 ≤ Re(s) ≤ 1. He checked that a few of the zeros lay on the critical line with real part 1/2 and suggested that they all do; this is the Riemann hypothesis.

  3. Two's complement - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Two's_complement

    Two's complement is the most common method of representing signed (positive, negative, and zero) integers on computers, [1] and more generally, fixed point binary values. Two's complement uses the binary digit with the greatest value as the sign to indicate whether the binary number is positive or negative; when the most significant bit is 1 the number is signed as negative and when the most ...

  4. Particular values of the Riemann zeta function - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Particular_values_of_the...

    Zeros of the Riemann zeta except negative even integers are called "nontrivial zeros". The Riemann hypothesis states that the real part of every nontrivial zero must be ⁠ 1 / 2 ⁠. In other words, all known nontrivial zeros of the Riemann zeta are of the form z = ⁠ 1 / 2 ⁠ + yi where y is a real number.

  5. Hardy–Littlewood zeta function conjectures - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hardy–Littlewood_zeta...

    In 1914, Godfrey Harold Hardy proved that the Riemann zeta function (+) has infinitely many real zeros. Let N ( T ) {\displaystyle N(T)} be the total number of real zeros, N 0 ( T ) {\displaystyle N_{0}(T)} be the total number of zeros of odd order of the function ζ ( 1 2 + i t ) {\displaystyle \zeta {\bigl (}{\tfrac {1}{2}}+it{\bigr ...

  6. Linear-feedback shift register - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linear-feedback_shift_register

    Linear-feedback shift register. In computing, a linear-feedback shift register ( LFSR) is a shift register whose input bit is a linear function of its previous state. The most commonly used linear function of single bits is exclusive-or (XOR). Thus, an LFSR is most often a shift register whose input bit is driven by the XOR of some bits of the ...

  7. Euler's identity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Euler's_identity

    The same formula applies to octonions, with a zero real part and a norm equal to 1. These formulas are a direct generalization of Euler's identity, since i {\displaystyle i} and − i {\displaystyle -i} are the only complex numbers with a zero real part and a norm (absolute value) equal to 1 .

  8. Machine epsilon - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Machine_epsilon

    The IEEE standard does not define the terms machine epsilon and unit roundoff, so differing definitions of these terms are in use, which can cause some confusion.. The formal definition for machine epsilon is the one used by Prof. James Demmel in lecture scripts, [4] the LAPACK linear algebra package, [5] numerics research papers [6] and some scientific computing software. [7]

  9. Selberg's zeta function conjecture - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Selberg's_zeta_function...

    In mathematics, the Selberg conjecture, named after Atle Selberg, is a theorem about the density of zeros of the Riemann zeta function ζ (1/2 + it ). It is known that the function has infinitely many zeroes on this line in the complex plane: the point at issue is how densely they are clustered. Results on this can be formulated in terms of N ...