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An even number is an integer that is "evenly divisible" by two, that is divisible by two without remainder; an odd number is an integer that is not even. (The old-fashioned term "evenly divisible" is now almost always shortened to "divisible".) Any odd number n may be constructed by the formula n = 2k + 1, for a suitable integer k.
Main article: list of numeral systems. Decimal: The standard Hindu–Arabic numeral system using base ten. Binary: The base-two numeral system used by computers, with digits 0 and 1. Ternary: The base-three numeral system with 0, 1, and 2 as digits. Quaternary: The base-four numeral system with 0, 1, 2, and 3 as digits.
A list of articles about numbers (not about numerals). Topics include powers of ten, notable integers, prime and cardinal numbers, and the myriad system.
A prime number (or a prime) is a natural number greater than 1 that is not a product of two smaller natural numbers. A natural number greater than 1 that is not prime is called a composite number. For example, 5 is prime because the only ways of writing it as a product, 1 × 5 or 5 × 1, involve 5 itself. However, 4 is composite because it is a ...
Mathematics. Number theory (or arithmetic or higher arithmetic in older usage) is a branch of pure mathematics devoted primarily to the study of the integers and arithmetic functions. German mathematician Carl Friedrich Gauss (1777–1855) said, "Mathematics is the queen of the sciences—and number theory is the queen of mathematics." [1]
The symbol # is known variously in English-speaking regions as the number sign, [1] hash, [2] or pound sign. [3] The symbol has historically been used for a wide range of purposes including the designation of an ordinal number and as a ligatured abbreviation for pounds avoirdupois – having been derived from the now-rare ℔ .
The first Pythagorean triple. Five is the third-smallest prime number, [1] equal to the sum of the only consecutive positive integers to also be prime numbers (2 + 3).In integer sequences, five is also the second Fermat prime, and the third Mersenne prime exponent, as well as the fourth or fifth Fibonacci number; [2] 5 is the first congruent number, as well as the length of the hypotenuse of ...
The decimal representation for one thousand is. 1000 —a one followed by three zeros, in the general notation; 1 × 103 —in engineering notation, which for this number coincides with: 1 × 103 exactly—in scientific normalized exponential notation; 1 E+3 exactly—in scientific E notation.