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Nine-point stencil. In numerical analysis, given a square grid in two dimensions, the nine-point stencil of a point in the grid is a stencil made up of the point itself together with its eight "neighbors". It is used to write finite difference approximations to derivatives at grid points.
Cartesian coordinate system with a circle of radius 2 centered at the origin marked in red. The equation of a circle is (x − a)2 + (y − b)2 = r2 where a and b are the coordinates of the center (a, b) and r is the radius. Cartesian coordinates are named for René Descartes, whose invention of them in the 17th century revolutionized ...
Quadrant (plane geometry) The four quadrants of a Cartesian coordinate system. The axes of a two-dimensional Cartesian system divide the plane into four infinite regions, called quadrants, each bounded by two half-axes. These are often numbered from 1st to 4th and denoted by Roman numerals: I (where the signs of the ( x ; y) coordinates are I ...
t. e. A projected coordinate system – also called a projected coordinate reference system, planar coordinate system, or grid reference system – is a type of spatial reference system that represents locations on Earth using Cartesian coordinates ( x, y) on a planar surface created by a particular map projection. [1]
Right-hand rule. In mathematics and physics, the right-hand rule is a convention and a mnemonic, utilized to define the orientation of axes in three-dimensional space and to determine the direction of the cross product of two vectors, as well as to establish the direction of the force on a current-carrying conductor in a magnetic field.
A right-handed convention, specifying a y axis 90° to the east in the fundamental plane and a z axis along Earth 's north polar axis. This frame is in every way equivalent to the ξ, η, ζ frame, above, except that the origin is removed to the centre of the Sun. It is commonly used in planetary orbit calculation.
Thus unlike Cartesian coordinates, a single point can be represented by infinitely many homogeneous coordinates. The equation of a line through the origin (0, 0) may be written nx + my = 0 where n and m are not both 0. In parametric form this can be written x = mt, y = −nt. Let Z = 1/t, so the coordinates of a point on the line may be written ...
In mathematics, a rotation of axes in two dimensions is a mapping from an xy - Cartesian coordinate system to an x′y′ -Cartesian coordinate system in which the origin is kept fixed and the x′ and y′ axes are obtained by rotating the x and y axes counterclockwise through an angle . A point P has coordinates ( x, y) with respect to the ...