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The paternal age effect is the statistical relationship between the father's age at conception and biological effects on the child. [1] Such effects can relate to birthweight, congenital disorders, life expectancy and psychological outcomes. [2] A 2017 review found that while severe health effects are associated with higher paternal age, the ...
Fetal alcohol spectrum disorders ( FASDs) are a group of conditions that can occur in a person who is exposed to alcohol during gestation. [ 1] FASD affects 1 in 20 Americans, but is highly mis- and under-diagnosed. [ 9] The several forms of the condition (in order of most severe to least severe) are: fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS), partial fetal ...
Cornelia de Lange syndrome. Cornelia de Lange syndrome ( CdLS) is a genetic disorder. People with Cornelia de Lange syndrome experience a range of physical, cognitive, and medical challenges ranging from mild to severe. Cornelia de Lange syndrome has a widely varied phenotype, meaning people with the syndrome have varied features and challenges.
Dandy–Walker malformation ( DWM ), also known as Dandy–Walker syndrome ( DWS ), is a rare congenital brain malformation in which the part joining the two hemispheres of the cerebellum (the cerebellar vermis) does not fully form, and the fourth ventricle and space behind the cerebellum (the posterior fossa) are enlarged with cerebrospinal fluid.
In the era before newborn screening, less than half of cases of severe hypothyroidism were recognized in the first month of life. As the months proceeded, these babies would grow poorly and be delayed in their development. By several years of age, they would display the recognizable facial and body features of cretinism.
Untreated early syphilis infections results in a high risk of poor pregnancy outcomes, including saddle nose, lower extremity abnormalities, miscarriages, premature births, stillbirths, or death in newborns. Some infants with congenital syphilis have symptoms at birth, but many develop symptoms later. Symptoms may include rash, fever, large ...
Lissencephaly ( / ˌlɪs.ɛnˈsɛf.əl.i /, meaning 'smooth brain') [ 1] is a set of rare brain disorders whereby the whole or parts of the surface of the brain appear smooth. [ 2] It is caused by defective neuronal migration during the 12th to 24th weeks of gestation resulting in a lack of development of brain folds ( gyri) and grooves ( sulci ...
An adult male with Williams syndrome. Williams syndrome ( WS ), also Williams–Beuren syndrome ( WBS ), is a genetic disorder that affects many parts of the body. [ 2] Facial features frequently include a broad forehead, underdeveloped chin, short nose, and full cheeks. [ 2] Mild to moderate intellectual disability is observed in people with ...